breast feeding has a great impact on the infant morbidity and mortality. according to pakistan demographic and health survey (pdhs) infant mortality rate is 78 deaths per 1,000 live births. world health organization recommends that exclusive breast feeding for six months can decrease infant mortality rate by one-third. the objective of the study was to find out how the mode of delivery had impa...

Introduction: The extreme reduction in breast milk intake during the first days of life leads to weight loss, kidney failure and hypernatremia. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hypernatremia in neonates and way of maternal breastfeeding in hospitalized infants in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad.   Materials and Methods: After obtaining parental consent, 687 infants referr...

OBJECTIVE To identify characteristics of adolescent mothers who bottle-feed who considered breast-feeding their infants and strategies to promote breast-feeding within this special group. DESIGN Adolescents completed an hour-long interview within 48 hours of delivery that elicited factors considered important to the mother's feeding decision and indices of mental health. SETTING Postpartum ...

In North Delhi, India, 83 community workers (anganwadi workers) in the ICDS project Alipur participated in a survey designed to assess their knowledge and attitude about breast feeding and to identify gaps in their knowledge of breast feeding. 98.7% knew that breast feeding should be begun immediately after birth. 92.7% knew that the newborn should receive the colostrum. Only 56.6% knew that...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the factors associated with discontinuation of breast-feeding before 12 months in order to make suggestions for achieving long-term breast-feeding. DESIGN A descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. SUBJECTS Mothers of 1230 children who discontinued breast-feeding at least 15 d before the last visit were asked to fill...

HIV-1 (subsequently referred to as HIV) infection may be transmitted to the infant during breast-feeding. The risk of transmission varies with stage of maternal infection, duration of breast-feeding, type of breast-feeding (i.e. exclusive or mixed breast-feeding), and breast pathology. Recent studies support the findings of a meta-analysis (Dunn et al. 1992) and indicate that when breast-feedin...