BACKGROUND The problem of low female literacy rates in Africa starts with low primary school enrollment, particularly in areas of high food insecurity. The provision of food in, and through, schools is considered to be one way of enrolling more girls in school, keeping them enrolled, and enhancing their adult well-being and productivity as a result. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of pro...

Three experiments were conducted with Ross-type broiler chicks to determine the optimum level of in­clusion fish meal and value bloodmeal as a substitute for fishmeal in practical starter ra­tions. The was found In be 7.5%. Higher levels tended increase cost production lower growth performances. ad­dition all vegetable protein rations resulted better performances than ration. II that blood coul...

Fif teen lactating Holstein cows in a 3 × 3 Latin square experiment determined effects of ground newspaper in the diet. Test components of the rations were: A) 20% cottonseed hulls; B) 10% paper and 10% cottonseed hulls; C) 20% paper. All animals received 2.3 kg of long alfalfa hay daily. Proximate analysis and gross energy determinations indicated that the paper rations contained more crude fi...

The epidemiological, clinical and clinical pathological findings in 20 cattle and 4 sheep from 15 outbreaks of poultry litter toxicity in South Africa over the past 6 years are documented. In 6 outbreaks, the litter emanated from batteries where maduramicin had been incorporated into rations of broilers. According to circumstantial evidence the litter involved in the 9 other outbreaks was also ...

Effects of increased MP supply on the degree of periparturient relaxation of immunity (PPRI) in sheep may be dependent on quality of supplied MP. Here we tested the hypothesis that additional MP supply from rations based on xylose-treated soybean meal would be more effective than from rations based on faba beans in reducing the degree of PPRI, as indicated by nematode egg excretion. Twenty-four...

Two experiments were conducted to determine apparent ileal DM and crude-protein (CP) digestibilities in rations fed to pigs. An evaluation was made of Cr2O3 and HCl-insoluble ash as digestive markers. In addition, the effects of body weight (BW) on apparent ileal DM and CP (N x 6.25) digestibilities were studied. In Expt 1, thirteen barrows averaging 35 kg BW were fitted with post-valve T-caecu...

Distillers grains are co-products produced from the fermentation of grains for alcohol. Traditionally, alcohol was produced mainly for the beverage liquor industry, but in the last 20 years its use as an alternative fuel has increased significantly. This increased demand has led to the development of several ethanol production plants in Minnesota and the surrounding area. In 1996, it is estimat...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing corn grains with cull dates (CD) on the performance of growing goats kids. Twelve male kids aged 6 months with an average body weight 16.5 kg + 0.25 kg were placed in individual pens and fed with four levels of replacement of corn grains by CD (0, 50, 75 and 100%) during 90 days. Daily live-weight gain, dry matter intake and feed conv...

Considerable interest was manifested in the substitution of blackstrap molasses for a part, or all, of the grain in livestock rations during the drought years of 1934 and 1936. Ferrin ^ used molasses with corn and oats in fattening hogs and found that oats and molasses had a comparatively high value as compared with corn and molasses. Thompson and HilHer ^ experienced similar results in feeding...