Ozone is an excellent disinfectant and can even be used to inactivate microorganisms such as protozoa which are very resistant to conventional disinfectants. Proper rate constants for the inactivation of microorganisms are only available for six species (E. coli, Bacillus subtilis spores, Rotavirus, Giardia lamblia cysts, Giardia muris cysts, Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts). The apparent activa...

There have been many methods devised for the determination of urinary phenols based on calorimetric, gravimetric, and titrimetric procedures, but few of them include quantitative determinations of hydroquinone and catechol. These two phenols are produced in considerable amounts in animals exposed to benzene (1) and since we wished to study this problem further a convenient method of analysis ha...

In regions characterized by water scarcity, such as coastal Southern California, groundwater containing chromophoric dissolved organic matter is a viable source of water supply. In the coastal aquifer of Orange County in California, seawater intrusion driven by coastal groundwater pumping increased the concentration of bromide in extracted groundwater from 0.4 mg l⁻¹ in 2000 to over 0.8 mg l⁻¹ ...

The light-sensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction with a ruthenium-based catalyst is a convenient system to study the effect of external perturbations on dynamical behavior of chemical reactions. The Ru(bpy)3Cl2 complex was first suggested as a luminescent indicator for the BZ reaction by Demas and Diemente.1 Later the reaction was found to be sensitive to visible light by Gaspar et al.,2 ...

This paper aims to establish a detection method for simultaneous determining four additives in flour products: one simultaneously determines the acesulfame, sodium cyclamate, bromate, and calcium propionate through selection of ion chromatography pump flow rate, injection volume, eluent concentration, optimization sample pretreatment influence interfering ions. When using rate 0.8 ml/min, 200 µ...

Four new methods using titrimetry and spectrophotometry are described for the rapid determination of amoxycillin in bulk drug and dosage forms. In direct titrimetry (Method A), the drug is titrated with bromate–bromide mixture in acid medium using methyl orange indicator. Back titrimetry (Method B) entails adding a known excess amount of bromatebromide mixture to the drug solution in acid mediu...

In this study, oxidation of some 3,5-diacyl or 3,5-diester 1,4-dihydropyridines to corresponding pyridine derivatives using sodium bromate in the presence of NH4Cl, NaHSO4 and Bu4NHSO4 under thermal conditions has been investigated. The yield and structure of formed products is similar under all conditions; however, the reaction is accelerated in the presence of Bu4NHSO4 and NaHSO4. In addition...

The presence of bromine as a trace-element in calcium carbonate speleothems constitutes useful proxy past volcanic activity, thus helping to provide input parameters for climate model simulations and risk assessment. However, the chemical nature bromine-containing impurities phases forming is not understood, which limits interpretation experimental measurements on speleothems. We present here c...