the silica aerogel was prepared by the acid–base sol–gel polymerization of tetraethylorthosilicate precursor followed by ambient pressure drying. the prepared silica aerogels were characterized by fourier transform infrared )ft-ir(, thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis )tg/dta(, x-ray diffractometer )xrd(, energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis )edx(, brunauer–emmitt–teller (bet)...

objectives: the aim of this study was to compare polymerization depth of two bulk-fill and one conventional composite cured for different times. methods: this in vitro experimental study was conducted on 54 composite samples (2×4×10mm) fabricated of tetric n-ceram bulk-fill, x-tra fil bulk-fill, and grandio conventional composite cured for 20, 30, and 40 seconds. the microhardness of samples wa...

The mechanical properties of cells change as they proceed through the cell cycle, primarily owing to regulation of actin and myosin II. Most models for cell mechanics focus on actomyosin in the cortex and ignore possible roles in bulk cytoplasm. We explored cell cycle regulation of bulk cytoplasmic actomyosin in Xenopus egg extracts, which is almost undiluted cytoplasm from unfertilized eggs. W...

In this paper, optimization and control of a tubular reactor for thermal bulk post-polymerization of styrene have been investigated. By using the reactor mathematical model, static and dynamic simulations are carried out. Based on an objective function including polymer conversion and polydispersity, reactor optimal temperature profile has been obtained. In the absence of model mismatch, de...

INTRODUCTION Emulsion polymerization yielding polymer latexes, is carried out on a vast scale. The use of water as a dispersion medium offers a unique combination of features, such as effective heat transfer, effective stabilization of polymer particles by surfactants, and environmental friendliness. By contrast to polymerization in solution or in the bulk, in emulsion polymerization a large po...

Movable cross-network elastomer with knitting polymers (KP elastomer) were obtained by bulk polymerization of main chain monomers in presence host polymer. The two design strategies successfully improve the toughness and stiffness KP elastomers.