Introduction: In this work, we report on the results of a combined scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy investigation of stishovite and coesite in shocked Hospital Hill quartzite from the Vredefort impact structure of South Africa. Sanples have investigated using optical microscopy and under the scanning electron microscope, using energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS),...

This paper argues that the presence of external control of fluid composition during metamorphism of iron-formation should be indicated by the occurrence of high-grade rocks which either lack the bufering assemblages such as olivine-magnetite-quartz or by the presence of such assemblages in which the silicates show a very restricted range in composition. A review of high-grade iron-formations fr...

The speciation of iron in sediments and sedimentary rocks is a widely used proxy for the chemistry oxidation state ancient water bodies. Specifically, fraction reactive out total (Fe HR /Fe T ) pyrite pool PYR are thought to constrain presence sulfide column, respectively. This approach was developed tested against modern core-top sediments, but application requires consideration effects diagen...

The degree of mine burial is a crucial factor in Mine Counter Measure (MCM) mission planning, having a significant effect on sensor range and effectiveness. The ultimate goal of this project is to provide an mine burial prediction fleet aid for operational Navy MCM decision making that incorporates recent research in burial mechanisms and seafloor sediment behavior. This predictive tool should ...

Paleotemperature indicators and apatite fission track analysis of Australian continental margin cover sequeRces accreted to the active Banda arc-continent collision indicate little to no heating during rapid late Neogene uplift and exhumation. Thermal maturation patterns of vitrinite reflectance, conodont alteration and' illite crystallinity show that peak paleotemperatures (PPT) increase with ...

Disturbance can fragment plant clones into different sizes and unstabilize soils to different degrees, so that clonal fragments of different sizes can be buried in soils at different depths. As a short-term storage organ, solon internode may help fragmented clones of stoloniferous plants to withstand deeper burial in soils. We address (1) whether burial in soils decreases survival and growth of...

Adipocere is a decomposition product comprising predominantly of saturated fatty acids which results from the hydrolysis and hydrogenation of neutral fats in the body. Adipocere formation may occur in various decomposition environments but is chiefly dependent on the surrounding conditions. In a soil burial environment these conditions may include such factors as soil pH, temperature, moisture ...

Colluvial soils are enriched in soil organic carbon (SOC) in comparison to the soils of upslope areas due to the deposition and progressive burial of SOC. This burial of SOC has important implications for the global carbon cycle, but the long-term dynamics of buried SOC remain poorly constrained. We addressed this issue by determining the SOC burial efficiency (i.e. the fraction of originally d...

Where plates converge, one-sided subduction generates two contrasting thermal environments in the subduction zone (low dT/dP) and in the arc and subduction zone backarc or orogenic hinterland (high dT/dP). This duality of thermal regimes is the hallmark of modern plate tectonics, which is imprinted in the ancient rock record as penecontemporaneous metamorphic belts of two contrasting types, one...