EEcient implementation of monitors and exceptions is crucial for the performance of Java. One implementation of threads showed a factor of 30 diierence in run time on some benchmark programs. This article describes an eecient implementation of monitors for Java as used in the CACAO just-in-time compiler. With this implementation the thread overhead is less than 40% for typical application progr...

EEcient implementation of monitors and exceptions is crucial for the performance of Java. One implementation of threads showed a factor of 30 diierence in run time on some benchmark programs. This article describes an eecient implementation of monitors for Java as used in the CACAO just-in-time compiler. With this implementation the thread overhead is less than 40% for typical application progr...

Phytophthora megakarya (Pmeg) and Phytophthora palmivora (Ppal) cause black pod rot of Theobroma cacao L. (cacao). Of these two clade 4 species, Pmeg is more virulent and is displacing Ppal in many cacao production areas in Africa. Symptoms and species specific sporangia production were compared when the two species were co-inoculated onto pod pieces in staggered 24 h time intervals. Pmeg spora...

BACKGROUND Recently, proteins and peptides have become an added value to foodstuffs due to new knowledge about its structural analyses as related to antioxidant and anticancer activity. Our goal was to evaluate if protein fractions from cacao seeds show antitumor activity on lymphoma murine L5178Y model. The antioxidant activity of these fractions was also evaluated with the aim of finding a co...

abstract chocolate is derived from cocoa beans - the fruit of the cacao tree or theobroma cacao (the latin term: food of the gods). recent published articles demonstrate that the quality and quantity of the antioxidants in cocoa and chocolate are very high and their flavonoids are believed to reduce the number of free radicals in the body that contribute to medical problems, such as cardiovascu...

Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Technologie Alimentaire. UFR Sciences et Technologies des Aliments. Université d’Abobo-Adjamé. 02 Bp 801 Abidjan 02. Côte d’Ivoire. CIRAD-AMIS, Equipe Ecotrop, TA 40/01, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. CIRAD-CP/Programme Cacao, Laboratoire de Chimie-Technologie du cacao, TA 80/16, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. INRA-Montpellier, Laboratoire de microbiologie...

Ochratoxin A (OTA), ochratoxin B (OTB) and citrinin (CIT) in commercial foods were simultaneously determined and confirmed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The samples examined were made up of cereal, fruit, coffee, and cacao products. The limits of quantification (S/N> or =10) of OTA, OTB and CIT were...

ABSTRACT Moniliophthora roreri, the cause of frosty pod rot (FP), is a specialized fungal pathogen (family Marasmiaceae) that invades only actively growing pods of cacao, Theobroma cacao, and related species of Theobroma and Herrania. FP damages pods and the commercially important seeds that some of these species produce. M. roreri was confined to northwestern South America until the 1950s. Its...

Theobroma cacao is a woody and recalcitrant plant with a very high level of interfering compounds. Standard protocols for protein extraction were proposed for various types of samples, but the presence of interfering compounds in many samples prevented the isolation of proteins suitable for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). An efficient method to extract root proteins for 2-DE was est...

Interactions between native diversity and invasive species can be more complex than is currently understood. Invasive ant species often substantially reduce diversity in the native ants diversity that act as natural control agents for pest insects. In Indonesia (on the island of Sulawesi), the third largest cacao producer worldwide, we show that a predatory endemic toad (Ingerophrynus celebensi...