We describe in detail our caesium atom interferometer which uses a combination of microwaves and momentum-changing adiabatic transfer pulses. This combination allows us to achieve spatial separation between the arms of the interferometer. We account for the observed visibility of the resulting interference fringes and find that the effects which contribute the most are optical pumping and magne...

Modelling transport and deposition of caesium and iodine from the Chernobyl accident using the DREAM model J. Brandt, J. H. Christensen, and L. M. Frohn National Environmental Research Institute, Department of Atmospheric Environment, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark Received: 11 April 2002 – Accepted: 14 May 2002 – Published: 24 June 2002 Correspondence to: J. Bran...

Abstract The p-type characteristic of solution-processed metal halide perovskite transistors means that they could be used in combination with their n-type counterparts, such as indium–gallium–zinc-oxide transistors, to create complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-like circuits. However, the performance and stability perovskite-based do not yet match which limit broader application. Here we r...

Following the accident at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl in 1986, great volumes of Cs were distributed over large parts of the former Soviet Union and Europe. Over Scotland, radiocaesium was deposited as wet deposition. Due to the relatively long physical half-life of 30 years, there are still measurable activity concentrations in the natural environment. This study was made on two organi...

We report the realisation and preliminary study of a frequency standard using a fountain of laser cooled caesium atoms. Our apparatus uses a magneto-optical trap as a source of cold atoms and optical pumping to prepare the atoms in the correct state before they enter the microwave cavity.

The optimal treatment for endometrial carcinoma is radical hysterectomy and hemivaginectomy with pre-operative caesium sources in the uterus and vaginal vault. Block pelvic lymphadenectomy is unsatisfactory, and gland extension is best treated by radiotherapy to the lateral pelvic and para-aortic fields. Surgery has a definite place in the treatment of advanced cases.