During Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection CD4+ T cells in the gastric lamina propria are hyporesponsive and polarized by Th1/Th17 cell responses controlled by Treg cells. We have previously shown that H. pylori upregulates B7-H1 expression on GEC, which, in turn, suppress T cell proliferation, effector function, and induce Treg cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated the underlyin...

Background. Persistent Helicobacter pylori infection may induce several upper gastrointestinal diseases. Two major virulence factors of H. pylori, vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), are thought to be associated with the severity of disease progression. The distribution of vacA and cag-pathogenicity island (cag-PAI) alleles varies in H. pylori isolated from pa...

Helicobacter. pylori is a component of class 1 carcinogens and there is a close association between the incidence of gastric cancer and high prevalence of infection with this bacterium. The risk of gastric cancer associated with H. pylori infection in industrialized and developing countries is estimated to be 80% and 70% respectively. CagA is the important virulence factor in this bacterium and...

Received 29 December 2010 Revised 11 January 2011 Accepted 20 January 2011 Early online 21 January 2011 Print 31 January 2011 The recent decades have witnessed an alarming increase in the Helicobacter pylori associated diseases worldwide. In spite of this, deficiencies in our knowledge still exist about its exact epidemiology, the optimum method of its diagnosis and indeed about the precise rol...

helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection has been reported in more than half of the world human population. it is associated with gastric inflammation and noticeable infiltration of the immune cells to the stomach mucosa by several cytokines secretion. il-1β, il-18 have been shown to contribute to h. pylori induced gastritis, but the details of inflammation and association of virulence factors...

results we found a high number of pai markers such as pai icft073, pai iicft073, pai i536, pai iv536, pai ii j96 and pai ii536 significantly associated with upec. the pai iv536 was the most detected ones among fecal e. coli isolated from healthy people while pai i536, pai ii536 and pai ij96 were not seen. pcr phylogenetic groups typing revealed that uropathogenic strains were mainly found in b2...

Objective In 1993, Muller developed the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) which has been used widely in many studies and translated into several languages. The current study aimed to translate the PAI into Persian, assess the underlying structure of the PAI, and the appropriateness of the one-factor solution proposed by Muller. MaterialsAndMethods In this cross-sectional study, we recruited a...