BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Controversy exists on how to assess a patient's tolerance before permanent carotid artery occlusion. We sought to determine the positive predictive value of synchronous opacification of hemispheric cortical veins at angiography of the contralateral carotid or vertebral artery as a predictor of tolerance to permanent carotid artery occlusion without development of ischemic...

Carotid occlusion is a common disease and its incidence is about 6 in 100000. Annual risk of stroke is between 3% and 10% in older than 60 years with carotid occlusion and recurrent ischemic event have been reported in 25% of symptomatic carotid occlusion.1 Since many years ago it has been advocated in complete arterial occlusion, there was no chance for emboli to pass into the distal circulati...

Many authors have drawn attention to occlusive disease of the carotid arteries as a cause of cerebral ischemia. Although total carotid artery occlusion may be caused by different disease entities, by far the most frequent cause remains atherosclerosis. However, because of uncertainty about the pathophysiology of symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, there has been controversy sur...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial-1 (ACST-1), 3120 patients with tight asymptomatic carotid stenosis were randomly assigned to medical treatment alone or to carotid endarterectomy and appropriate medication. Successful carotid endarterectomy significantly reduced 10-year stroke risk in younger patients. This study was undertaken to determine the risk of new occlus...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Activation of plasma protein C (PC) zymogen by thrombin-thrombomodulin at the endothelial surface is an important endogenous antithrombotic mechanism. It is unknown whether activated protein C (APC) is generated in vivo in the cerebrovasculature, because there is only limited thrombomodulin expression in human brain vascular endothelium. Therefore, we tested the hypothesi...

PURPOSE To determine the clinical effectiveness of parent artery occlusion of the carotid or vertebral artery by means of temporary proximal flow arrest and microcoils. METHODS Nineteen parent artery occlusions (15 carotid, four vertebral) were performed in 19 patients who successfully passed a balloon test occlusion. In these patients, endovascular occlusion of the carotid or vertebral arter...

A retrospective, single-center study was performed in Berlin between January 2012 and December 2019. total of 179 patients with atherosclerotic disease (51% unilateral internal carotid artery [ICA] occlusion; 49% multivessel disease) had undergone extracranial to intracranial bypass for symptoms that occurred within the previous 4 months, including recurrent minor ischemic stroke or transient a...

Natural decapeptide or synthetic octapeptide angiotonin was ineffective in lowering arterial pressure or decreasing the carotid occlusion response when injected into the carotid sinus adventitia. Injection of synthetic octapeptide angiotonin into the lumen of the carotid sinus after tying its branches decreased the carotid occlusion response but the effect depended on dosage many times the pres...

In a retrospective study, ultrasonic Doppler findings obtained with directional continuous wave equipment were evaluated in 51 patients in whom subsequently the diagnosis of an internal carotid artery occlusion was confirmed by angiography or autopsy. The evaluation was based on the registration of mean velocity analogues of medial frontal (supratrochlear) and common carotid artery blood flow. ...

Background and Purpose: Ischemic episodes distal to an internal carotid artery occlusion are common. We undertook this study to look for evidence of transhemispheric passage of embolic material in this patient category as a mechanism for embolic events. Methods: Seven symptomatic patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion and contralateral stenosis were examined by transcranial ...