Nanoparticles of tin oxide, doped with Ce and Y, were prepared using the polymeric precursor method. The structural variations of the tin oxide nanoparticles were characterized by means of nitrogen physisorption, carbon dioxide chemisorption, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synthesized samples, undoped and doped with the rare earths, were used to promote the ethanol...

A model for pressurised steam/O2-blown fluidised-bed gasification of biomass with catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons and tars was developed using Aspen Plus simulation software. Seven main blocks were used to model the fluidised-bed gasifier and two for the catalytic reformer. Modelling blocks were complemented with FORTRAN subroutines to simulate the observed non-equilibrium behaviour of the ...

In this paper, recent results of plasma processing of natural gas are described. The use of a plasma reformer for the generation of hydrogen rich gas from natural gas has been investigated. In an accompanying paper, progress in plasma reforming of diesel fuel is described. The reformate composition has been investigated as a function of the initial mixture of air and methane. High methane conve...

Abstract The amount of silicon in naphtha must be controlled because it results silica deposits vehicle components, such as spark plugs, catalytic converters, and oxygen sensors, which can lead to fuel economy degradation, increased emissions, damage converters. Naphtha has low specific gravity high volatility; plasma does not form during analysis using inductively coupled plasma-optical emissi...

A new multicylinder microchamber reactor is designed on autothermal reforming of methane for hydrogen production, and its performance and thermal behavior, that is, based on the reaction mechanism, is numerically investigated by varying the cylinder radius, cylinder spacing, and cylinder layout. The results show that larger cylinder radius can promote reforming reaction; the mass fraction of me...

The association between exposure to naphtha and neurobehavioural measures was examined prospectively over one year among workers employed at an automotive plant that used naphtha to calibrate fuel injectors. The neurobehavioural tests included those that assess mood, basic intelligence, and functioning of the cerebral frontal lobes and limbic system and were designed so that acute, reversible, ...

Hydrogen production through steam reforming of ethanol was investigated with conventional supported nickel catalysts and a Ni-containing smectite-derived catalyst. The former is initially active, but significant catalyst deactivation occurs during the reaction due to carbon deposition. Side reactions of the decomposition of CO and CH4 are the main reason for the catalyst deactivation, and these...

Steam reforming of glycerol to produce syngas or H2-enriched streams is a 12 promising route that has caught the attention of many researchers around the world. This reaction 13 is typically carried out over metal-based catalysts supported on stable materials. Herein we report 14 a study on the effect of Sn on the catalytic properties of Pt/C in the aforementioned reaction. A 15 series of Pt-Sn...