The Cu2+ complexes of the 1-16 and the 1-20 fragments of the Alzheimer's disease-related beta-amyloid peptide (CuAbeta) show significant oxidative activities toward a catechol-like substrate trihydroxylbenzene and plasmid DNA cleavage. The latter reflects possible oxidative stress to biological macromolecules, yielding supporting data to the pathological role of these soluble Abeta fragments. T...

Game theory describes strategic interactions where success of players' actions depends on those of coplayers. In humans, substantial progress has been made at the neural level in characterizing the dopaminergic and frontostriatal mechanisms mediating such behavior. Here we combined computational modeling of strategic learning with a pathway approach to characterize association of strategic beha...

Binuclear Cu proteins play vital roles in O(2) binding and activation in biology and can be classified into coupled and noncoupled binuclear sites based on the magnetic interaction between the two Cu centers. Coupled binuclear Cu proteins include hemocyanin, tyrosinase, and catechol oxidase. These proteins have two Cu centers strongly magnetically coupled through direct bridging ligands that pr...

Apocynin, a methoxy-substituted catechol (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone), originally extracted from the roots of Picrorhiza kurroa, has been extensively used as a non-toxic inhibitor of the multienzymatic complex NADPH oxidase. We discovered that the analogous methoxy-substituted catechol, 4-Fluoro-2-methoxyphenol (F-apocynin), in which the acetyl group present in apocynin was changed to a fl...

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) from tomatoes was extracted and partially purified through  (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, dialysis and ion exchange chromatography. The activity of polyphenol oxidase was investigated in solanum lycopersicum. Spectrophotometric method was used to assay the enzyme activity and the kinetic constants - maximum enzyme velocity (Vmax) and Michealis - Menten constant (Km). Of the ...