We report a case of sirenomelia sequence observed in an incident of preterm labor during the 29th gestational week. According to some authors, this syndrome should be classified separately from caudal regression syndrome and is likely to be the result of an abnormality taking place during the fourth gestational week, causing developmental abnormalities in the lower extremities, pelvis, genitali...

Caudal regression syndrome is a pathology caused by anomaly of spinal trunk ‘ending’, and encompasses a wide range of anomalies of the hind end of the trunk, including partial agenesis of the thoracolumbosacral spine, imperforate anus, malformed genitalia, bilateral renal dysplasia or aplasia, pulmonary hypoplasia, and in the most severe deformities, extreme external rotation and fusion of the ...

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a rare congenital disorder in which lumbosacral anomalies are combined with anorectal and urogenital malformations. However, the molecular mechanisms of human CRS are not yet known. Trauma, nutritional problems, toxic agents, and genetics are suggested in the etiology of CRS. To the best of our knowledge, linkage studies of families affected exclusively by CR...

The cloaca/urogenital sinus and its adjacent region differentiate into the urogenital/reproductive organs. Caudal regression syndrome (CRS; including mermaid syndrome), a type of severe cloacal malformation displays hindlimb fusion and urogenital organ defects, thus suggesting that such defects are caused by several morphogenetic alterations during early development. The attenuation of bone mor...

C regression syndrome (CRS) is a complex, heterogeneous constellation of congenital caudal anomalies affecting the caudal spine and spinal cord, the hindgut, the urogenital system, and the lower limbs1. CRS is caused by developmental field defects of blastogenesis involving the caudal mesoderm2. Evidence has indicated that maternal diabetes may play a role in the pathogenesis of this condition2...