Sometimes called radio in the loop (RITL) or fixed-radio access (FRA), wireless local loop (WLL) is a system that connects subscribers to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) using radio signals as a substitute for copper for all or part of the connection between the subscriber and the switch. This includes cordless access systems, proprietary fixed radio access, and fixed cellular syst...

Strategic positioning and potential cost savings are popular explanations for growing consolidation in the wireless telephone industry. This research estimates economies of scale for a large panel of GTE Wireless cellular market areas. Contrary to previous findings, our results indicate scale economies exist throughout the system and provide a rationale for the industry trend of consolidation.

The GlobalstarTM system provides telephone and data services to and from mobile and fixed users in the area between ±70 degrees latitude. Connection between user terminals and the PSTN is established through fixed terrestrial gateways via a constellation of low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites. Globalstar uses an extension of the IS-95 CDMA standard that is used in terrestrial digital cellular s...

The eeciency of channel assignment in a cellular telephone system is considered using the measures of successful channel assignment ratio as well as response time. Existing paradigms of mutual exclusion and dining philosophers from distributed systems are used to synthesize new algorithms that optimize both measures. The results are veriied by extensive simulations.

Recently, there has been concern that the use of hand-held cellular telephones may be linked with an increased risk of cancer. In response to this concern, and the rapidly rising number of cellular telephone users worldwide, studies have been conducted to determine whether there is an association between cellular telephone use and an increased risk of certain types of cancer. Although the major...

Nowadays in the construction of modem buildings, it is necessary to accommodate pipes and ducts services, such as air conditioning, water supply, sewerage, electricity, computer networks, telephone networks. Cellular members – steel I‐ shaped structural elements with circular web openings at regular intervals have been used beams for more than 35 years now. Although past already a large deal re...

reviews in many countries indicate that drivers often talk on mobile (cell) phones. studies have been done on possible effects of concurrent mobile phone use on driving performance. previous studies have found that phone talking could impairs performance on simulated or instrumented driving tasks, using such measures as reaction time, following distance, and situational awareness. most of these...

Schüz et al. (1) recently reported in an update of a cohort study (2) of 420 095 cellular telephone subscribers that were followed from 1995 through 2002 for cancer incidence no increased risk for brain tumors, salivary gland tumors, eye tumors, or leukemias, endpoints of primary interest. The authors concluded “the narrow confidence intervals provide evidence that any large association of risk...