'Here is bread, which strengthens man's heart, and therefore called the staff of life' Introduction The number of plant species which nourish humanity is remarkably limited. Most of the 195,000 species of flowering plants produce edible parts which could be utilized by man; however less than 0.1% or fewer than 300 species are used for food. Approximately 17 plant species provide 90% of mankind'...

Global demand for feed, especially cereal feed, is expected to increase in the decades to come. At the global level, demand for cereal feed will be met by the supply. There are, however, disparities between regions. As a result of strong livestock industry development, the Asian region as a whole will have a shortage of cereal feed and will become a major cereal feed importer. This paper examin...

OBJECTIVE Cohort studies indicate that cereal fiber reduces the risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, we assessed the effect of wheat bran on glycemic control and CHD risk factors in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 23 subjects with type 2 diabetes (16 men and 7 postmenopausal women) completed two 3-month phases of a randomized crossover study. I...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether licensed media spokescharacters on food packaging and nutrition cues affect young children's taste assessment of products. DESIGN In this experimental study, children viewed 1 of 4 professionally created cereal boxes and tasted a "new" cereal. Manipulations included presence or absence of licensed cartoon spokescharacters on the box and healthy or sugary cerea...

We are exposed to millions of microbial and dietary antigens via the gastrointestinal tract, which likely play a key role in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We differentiated the effects of these two major environmental factors on gut immunity and T1D. Diabetes-prone BioBreeding (BBdp) rats were housed in specific pathogen-free (SPF) or germ-free (GF) conditions and weaned onto diabetes-promoting cereal...

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) regulates blood pressure (BP) by hydrolytic actions. ACEinhibitors are widely used in the pharmacological treatment of hypertension. Certain food-derived peptides can also inhibit the activity of ACE. This study shows the occurrences of known ACE-inhibitory peptides in cereal storage protein structures. A literature search yielded thirty-nine candidate peptid...

This study investigated the potential and sustainable use of biomass derived from various stages grape drying process. A total eleven byproducts, each containing varying organic materials, were produced subjected to testing. Ultimate analysis, as well analyses heating values, chemical composition, lignocellulose solids concentration biogas production performed with recommended criteria assessme...

The consumer demand for natural ingredients in cosmetic products is increasing. Phenolic compounds are among the most studied natural antioxidant compounds, they also present antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antiaging actions and can permeate through the skin barrier. Grapes contain valuable phenolic components and grape byproducts are widely available low cost raw materials. This review pre...

A. Organic Analyses 218 1. General Organic Analyses 218 2. Pesticides 219 3. PAHs and PCBs 221 4. Dioxin 222 5. VOCs 223 6. Textile Dyes 223 7. Surfactants 223 8. Disinfection Byproducts 224 9. Taste and Odor Compounds 226 10. Algal and Bacterial Toxins 226 11. Other Organic Pollutants 227 B. Inorganic Analyses 229 1. Disinfection Byproducts 229 2. Perchlorate and Dissolved Gases 230 3. Multipl...