[1] The radio occultation (RO) sounding technique that uses signals transmitted by the Global Positioning System (GPS) has evolved as an important global observing technology. In this paper, we compare RO refractivity profiles from the CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) satellite mission with those calculated from radiosonde soundings over five geographical areas, each of which uses a di...

We investigate energy fluxes and small, kilometrescale Birkeland currents in the magnetospheric cusp at a 1– 3 Earth radii altitude and in the ionosphere using satellites when they were, according to the Tsyganenko model, in magnetic conjunction within 50–60 km and up to 15 min apart. We use Cluster and CHAMP satellites, and study three conjunction events that occurred in 2008 and 2009, when th...

Detailed mapping of the Earth's magnetic field brings key constraints on composition, dynamics, and history crust. Satellite near-surface measurements detect different length scales are complementary. Here, we build a model, selecting processing from German CHAMP ESA Swarm satellites, which merge with scalar anomaly data. We follow regional approach for modeling next transform series models int...

Self-regulatory skills are broadly defined as the ability to manage emotions, focus attention, and inhibit some behaviors while activating others in accordance with social expectations and are an established indicator of academic success. Growing evidence links motor skills and physical activity to self-regulation. This study examined the efficacy of a motor skills intervention (i.e., the Child...

In this study, we have performed a detailed analysis for the correlation between electron density ( Ne ) and temperature Te at topside ionosphere. situ measurements from four satellites been utilized, including China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES), Swarm A B, as well earlier Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite. To make fair comparison, only simultaneous observations CSE...

Over the last 20 years, a large number of instruments have provided plasma density measurements in Earth's topside ionosphere. To utilize all collected observations for empirical modeling, it is necessary to ensure that they do not exhibit systematic differences and are adjusted same reference frame. In this study, we compare satellite from Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE), Constella...

[1] The climatological model of the equatorial electrojet, EEJM-1, derived from Ørsted, CHAMP and SAC-C satellite measurements provides the opportunity to investigate the longitudinal variation of the current strength in detail. Special emphasis is put in this study on the effect of nonmigrating tides. We have found that the influence of the diurnal eastward-propagating mode with wavenumber-3, ...

[1] Horizontal neutral winds play an important role in lowlatitude ionospheric E and F-region dynamics. In particular, the zonal winds have strong effects on the local structure of the low-latitude ionospheric current system. Accurate wind specification is therefore essential for modeling these currents. In order to investigate the retrieval of eastward electric fields from satellite-derived eq...