We give a unified treatment of some inequalities that are used in the proofs of channel polarization theorems involving a binary-input discrete memoryless channel. LetW be a binary-input discrete memoryless channel withW (y|x) denoting the transition probability that output letter y ∈ Y is received given that input x ∈ {0, 1} is sent. Assume without loss of generality that the channel is non-de...

Dual-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data, such as that available from RADARSAT-2, provides additional information for discriminating sea ice types compared to single-polarization data. A thorough investigation of published feature extraction and fusion techniques for making optimal use of this additional information for unsupervised sea ice image segmentation has been perform...

Polarization phenomenon over any finite field Fq with size q being a power of a prime is considered. This problem is a generalization of the original proposal of channel polarization by Arıkan for the binary field, as well as its extension to a prime field by Şaşoğlu, Telatar, and Arıkan. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition of a matrix over a finite field Fq is shown under which...

Electron-electron attractions originating with dynamical correlations are considered for inhomogeneous systems where the electrons can be explicitly partitioned into two classes: itinerant (valence) and quasilocalized (core). Dynamical correlations in the near homogeneous itinerant class are well captured by analytical forms of local-field factors when constrained to obey sum rules. For the non...

We report on the measurement and analysis of the polarization state of second harmonic signals generated by starch granules, using a four-channel photon counting based Stokes-polarimeter. Various polarization parameters, such as the degree of polarization (DOP), the degree of linear polarization (DOLP), the degree of circular polarization (DOCP), and anisotropy are extracted from the 2D second ...

We derive a Stokes parameter model to calculate the penalties due to the combination of polarization mode dispersion (PMD), polarization dependent loss (PDL), and polarization dependent gain (PDG) in long-haul, dense wavelength divison multiplexed (WDM) systems. In this model, we follow the Stokes parameters for the signal and the noise in each channel instead of following the full time domain ...

We report electrical measurements of the current-induced spin polarization of the surface current in topological insulator devices where contributions from bulk and surface conduction can be disentangled by electrical gating. The devices use a ferromagnetic tunnel junction (permalloy/Al2O3) as a spin detector on a back-gated (Bi,Sb)2Te3 channel. We observe hysteretic voltage signals as the magn...

Single channel PS-OCT has advantages for assessing birefringent tissue components in various clinical scenarios, with implications for assessing pathology, ranging from osteoarthritis to myocardial infarction. While the technique has been successfully used both in vitro and in vivo, there have been limited attempts to optimize single channel PS-OCT with respect to performance, particularly padd...

Polarization phenomenon over any finite field Fq with size q being a power of a prime is considered. This problem is a generalization of the original proposal of channel polarization by Arıkan for the binary field, as well as its extension to a prime field by Şaşoğlu, Telatar, and Arıkan. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition of a matrix over a finite field Fq is shown under which...

this study seeks to examine how a company can select the best intermediary for its marketing channels with minimum of criteria and time. a theoretical framework is proposed based on the most important tasks of intermediary and the criteria to measure them. there are four basic tasks and thirty criteria in three independent levels. subsequently, an exploratory case study in iranian food industry...