form (18). Address for reprint requests: J. M. Pascual, Department of Neurology, Box 164, Neurological Institute of New York, 710 W. 168th St.,

In the Boudouard reaction, where CO2 is reacted with carbon (char) to produce CO, very high temperatures are required to shift the equilibrium towards CO production. This endothermic reaction is inherently slow and catalytic species are effective to speed up the reaction rate at temperatures below 900 °C. In this study, the catalytic effect of some alkali (K, Na), alkaline earth (Ca) and transi...

High levels of fluoride in groundwater are a significant environmental and health problem in Thailand, as in many parts of the world. Small household defluoridators have several advantages over centralized treatment systems. In Thailand, however, use of bone char for water treatment has met resistance because of objectionable taste and odours of the water produced and the social resistance to h...

The effect of basic magnesium carbonate (BMC), magnesium hydroxide (MH), and magnesium chloride hydrate (MCH) on thermal degradation of red gum wood was studied using cone calorimetry, Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. The results showed common fire retardation actions of the three compounds by releasing incombus...

This paper presents findings of a study on optimization and application of the regenerated bone char media for the defluoridation of drinking water in Tanzania where more than 30% of all water sources have fluoride concentrations above the 1.50 mg/I which is recommended by the World Heath Organization (WHO). In this study, regeneration temperature, regeneration duration, contact time, regenerat...

In this paper, effects of the operating pressure on ash formation reported in the open literature have been reviewed. In particular, the recent significant advances achieved at the Cooperative Research Centre for Coal in Sustainable Development (CCSD) in Australia are highlighted. The operating pressure significantly influences the size and the chemistry of ash generated through its effects on ...

Experiments have been conducted to study the controlling mechanisms involved in the transition from smoldering to flaming of a porous combustible material, flexible polyurethane foam, with an air flow forced across one of the porous-fuel surfaces. The experiments are performed in a small-scale, vertical, combustion wind tunnel, with the air flow forced upward and parallel to an exposed foam sur...

Morphogenesis of epithelial tissues relies on the precise developmental control of cell polarity and architecture. In the early Drosophila embryo, the primary epithelium forms during cellularisation, following a tightly controlled genetic programme where specific sets of genes are upregulated. Some of them, for example, control membrane invagination between the nuclei anchored at the apical sur...