We are interested in the effects of diffusivity and chemotaxis on the competition of several species for a limited resource. Diffusivity of cells is also called motility in some engineering literature. Chemotaxis is the oriented movement of cells in response to the concentration gradient of chemical substances in their environment. It is ”anti-diffusion”. It was observed experimentally that mot...

Adaptation has a crucial role in the gradient-sensing mechanism that underlies bacterial chemotaxis. The Escherichia coli chemotaxis pathway uses a single adaptation system involving reversible receptor methylation. In Bacillus subtilis, the chemotaxis pathway seems to use three adaptation systems. One involves reversible receptor methylation, although quite differently than in E. coli. The oth...

The effects of chloramphenicol and p-fluorophenylalanine (p-FPA) on growth, proportion of motile cells, average rate of motility, and the chemotactic response of a methionine auxotroph of Escherichia coli K-12 were studied. Kinetic studies revealed that the inhibition of chemotaxis by p-FPA can be explained by the effect on growth, proportion of motile cells, and average rate of motility rather...

Bayesian chemotaxis is an information-based target search problem inspired by biological chemotaxis. It defined a decision strategy coupled to the dynamic estimation of position from detections signaling molecules. We extend case point-like agent previously introduced in [Vergassola et al., Nature 2007], which establishes concentration sensing as dominant contribution information processing, ci...

Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in peripheral blood and play critical a role in bacterial infection, tumor immunity and wound repair. Clarifying the process of neutrophil chemotaxis to target sites of immune activity has been a focus of increased interest within the past decade. In bacterial infectious foci, neutrophils migrate toward the bacterial-derived chemoattractant N-formyl-...

Adiponectin (APN) is known to promote the osteogenic differentiation of human jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (h-JBMMSCs). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Previously, we showed that APN could promote h-JBMMSC osteogenesis via APPL1-p38 by up-regulating osteogenesis-related genes. Here, we aimed to determine whether APN could promote h-JBMMSC chemotaxis th...

Fibroblasts play an important role in the repair and remodelling processes following injury. Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a potent mediator in inflammatory processes. In this study, the effect of the PGD2 on human foetal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) chemotaxis induced by human plasma fibronectin (HFn) was investigated using the blindwell chamber technique. PGD2 inhibited HFL-1 chemotaxis to HFn (20 m...

Chemotaxis affords motile cells the ability to rapidly respond to environmental challenges by navigating cells to niches favoring growth. Such a property results from the activities of dedicated signal transduction systems on the motility apparatus, such as flagella, type IV pili, and gliding machineries. Once cells have reached a niche with favorable conditions, they often stop moving and aggr...

We have determined the chemotactic response of bovine aortic endothelial cells to fibronectin and to endothelial cell mitogens (endothelial cell growth supplement, tumor extract), using blind-well chemotaxis chambers. Fibronectin induced a chemotactic response in bovine aortic endothelial cells; at 100 micrograms/ml, chemotaxis increased by 440% above that observed in negative controls (p less ...

We have determined the chemotactic response of bovine aortic endothelial cells to fibronectin and to endothelial cell mitogens (endothelial cell growth supplement, tumor extract), using blind-well chemotaxis chambers. Fibronectin induced a chemotactic response in bovine aortic endothelial cells; at 100 jig/ml, chemotaxis increased by 440% above that observed in negative controls (p < 0.001). Th...