Antimicrobial activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Parinari curatellifolia (stem) were tested against five dental carries causing bacteria and three fungi strains by agar diffusion method. The crude extracts showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity inhibiting the five strains of bacteria and the three fungi. The extracts were most effective against Aspergilusflavus, followed by ...

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of abnormal occlusion and functional recovery caused by functional mandible deviation on the head and neck muscles and muscle spindle sensory-motor system by electrophysiological response and endogenous monoamine neurotransmitters' distribution in the nucleus of the spinal tract. Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:...

Aims: To determine and compare the antimicrobial activity of chewing stick Salvadora persica (Miswak), dental powder toothpastes sold in Umuahia, Abia state Nigeria against selected oral bacteria (Streptococcus spp, Staphylococcus Porphyromona spp Lactobacillus spp). Method: The (Miswak) extracts (ethanol aqueous), two (Agnes nwamma N-sol) five brand (Close-Up, Oral-B, Colgate, MacClean Pepsode...

Research is reviewed on the effects of chewing gum on stress, alertness and cognition (including findings from cognitive neuroscience). There is some evidence that chewing gum reduces chronic stress, while effects on acute stress have been less clear in an experimental context. A robust effect of gum chewing on subjective alertness has been observed. However, findings on chewing gum and cogniti...

the effect of feeding of soaked barley straw on milk production and composition and rumen characteristics was studied. the degradability of soaked barley straw (for 24, 48 and 72 hours) and unsoaked barley straws were studied in the first experiment. the unsoaked barley straw had more readily degraded fraction (a) than soaked straw treatments (p> 0.05). there was no significant difference betwe...

OBJECTIVE An imbalanced diet elevates health risks for many chronic diseases including obesity. Dietary monitoring could contribute vital information to lifestyle coaching and diet management, however, current monitoring solutions are not feasible for a long-term implementation. Towards automatic dietary monitoring, this work targets the continuous recognition of dietary activities using on-bod...

The orexins (orexin-A and orexin-B) are neuropeptides that are secreted from neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and that participate in the regulation of feeding behavior. It remains to be determined, however, how the orexins exert their effects on feeding behavior, including masticatory movements. To this end, we analyzed food intake behavior and masticatory muscle activity using video analys...

Maximum biting force and chewing performance were measured in adult subjects before and after four-weeks training by newly devised "Chewing Ability Enhancing Substances (CAES)". The CAES is made of glucomannan. The number of chewing strokes and chewing time until the last swallowing action are much larger when chewing CAES than those of other usual eating materials. By four weeks training using...

OBJECTIVE To assess the benefits of regular exercise in reducing harms associated with betel quid (BQ) chewing. METHODS The study cohort, 419,378 individuals, participated in a medical screening program between 1994 and 2008, with 38,324 male and 1,495 female chewers, who consumed 5-15 quids of BQ a day. Physical activity of each individual, based on "MET-hour/week", was classified as "inacti...

Masticatory efficiency in individuals with extensive tooth loss has been widely discussed. However, little is known about jaw movement smoothness during chewing and the effect of differences in food bolus location on movement smoothness and masticatory efficiency. The aim of this study was to determine whether experimental differences in food bolus location (anterior versus posterior) had an ef...