The expression of uncoupling protein (UCP1) is up-regulated in mammalian brown adipocytes during cold exposure. However, a previous study revealed that UCP1 was highly expressed in the liver of common carps, and that the hepatic expression of UCP1 was down-regulated during cold exposure. The present study examined the effects of temperature on the recovery of UCP1 expression levels and the expr...

A novel positive-sense, single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus (Halastavi árva RNA virus, HalV; JN000306) with di-cistronic genome organization was serendipitously identified in intestinal contents of freshwater carps (Cyprinus carpio) fished by line-fishing from fishpond "Lőrinte halastó" located in Veszprém County, Hungary. The complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of the genomic RNA is 9565 nt in le...

Percussive and electrical stunning are the most promising methods in terms of rendering fish unconscious prior to slaughter. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of these two stunning methods on postmortem muscle changes and meat quality of common carps. The experimental fish were stunned either by percussion (Group 1) or by electrical current application (Group 2), both followed b...

The Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir (SGR) is a mercury polluted lake that is located in the West of Iran. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) are the most abundant fishes in the SGR. A total of 48 common and silver carps (24 each) were captured randomly, using 50×6 m gill net (mesh size: 5×5 cm) during July to December 2009. Each month, the levels of accumul...

Lipases (E.C. 3.1.1.3) can be broadly defined as enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in substrates such as vitamin esters, phospholipids, triglycerides (TGs) and cholesteryl esters [1]. Interest in lipases has been increasing in the past few years because of the actual and potential uses of this enzyme in applications like hydrolysis of fats and oils, organic synthesis, modifica...

A novel agent-based approach to the configuration of algorithms including, but not limited to, metaheuristics is proposed in this work. Metaheuristics are examples of algorithms where parameters need to be set up as good as possible. Yet the selection of the most adequate parameter values is a recognized arduous work in the metaheuristics community. This paper proposes a new approach that makes...

The study was undertaken to determine bacterial contamination of warm-water fish ponds and silver carps harvested from those ponds in Guilan province, Iran. In this respect, water samples were taken from 7 ponds and investigated by testing total bacteria, coliforms, and Escherichia coli. In addition, skin swab samples of silver carps caught from each pond were studied for enumeration of the sam...

the suppression of color is a common mood in the far eastern aesthetic experience, which is best represented by the brush-ink chinese painting. influenced by the taoist and confucian philosophical doctrines, it reflects the traditional principles of loneliness, poverty, and simplicity. visualizing the chinese traditional dualism, the black and white system goes beyond an artistic style and rese...