Continuous four hours EEG (electroencephalogram) recordings and its power spectrum analysis using fast fourier transform (FFT) in urethane anesthetized male Charles Foster rats were performed in two groups: open brain injury and p-CPA (para-Chlorophenylalanine) pretreated before brain injury, respectively, and compared with the EEG power spectrum of control rats. The EEG power spectrum analysis...

Previous studies showed that the cardiac response of the baroreceptor reflex (bradycardia) is inhibited during the defense reaction evoked by direct electrical or chemical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray (dPAG) in the rat. Whether central serotonin and nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) serotonin(3) (5-HT(3)) receptors might participate in this inhibition was investigated in urethane-anest...

There is growing evidence that serotonin (5-hydroxtryptamine, 5-HT) has major influences on brain development in mammals. Genetic and pharmacological disruption of 5-HT signaling during early postnatal development in rodents causes neuroanatomical cortical abnormalities, including malformations in the somatosensory cortex. Possible functional consequences of this developmental perturbation by 5...

Background Previous reports suggest that 5-hydroxytryptamine might play a role in the antidepressant actions of (R,S)-ketamine. However, its role in the antidepressant actions of (R)-ketamine, which is more potent than (S)-ketamine, is unknown. This study was conducted to examine whether 5-hydroxytryptamine depletion affects the antidepressant actions of (R)-ketamine in a chronic social defeat ...

Allelic replacement in the Burkholderia genus has been problematic due to the lack of appropriate counter-selectable and selectable markers. The counter-selectable marker sacB, commonly used in gram-negative bacteria, is nonselective on sucrose in many Burkholderia species. In addition, the use of antibiotic resistance markers of clinical importance for the selection of desirable genetic traits...

Serotonin (5-HT) depletion with p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA) (3 X 150 mg/kg/12 h i.p.) in the cat resulted in an increase in the carbachol-induced growing response 36 h after the last injection. Besides important depletion of 5-HT in the anterior and posterior hypothalamus, midbrain and amygdala, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the anterior and posterior hypothalamus and midbrain, d...

Infantile spasms are characterized by age-specific expression of epileptic spasms and hypsarrhythmia and often result in significant cognitive impairment. Other epilepsies or autism often ensue especially in symptomatic IS (SIS). Cortical or subcortical damage, including white matter, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SIS. To generate a model of SIS, we recreated this pathology by inj...