Non-proliferating cells, such as mature neurons, are generally believed to be more resistant to X-rays than proliferating cells, such as glial and vascular endothelial cells. Therefore, the late adverse effects of radiotherapy on the brain have been attributed to the radiation-induced damage of glial and vascular endothelial cells. However, little is known about the radiosensitivities of neuron...

Functional eukaryotic voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) channels comprise four domains (DI-DIV), each containing six membrane-spanning segments (S1-S6). Voltage sensing is accomplished by the first four membrane-spanning segments (S1-S4), which together form a voltage-sensing domain (VSD). A critical NaV channel gating process, inactivation, has previously been linked to activation of the VSDs in DIII an...

Let Sn = K[[x1, . . . , xn]] be the algebra of power series over a field K of characteristic zero, S c n be the group of continuous automorphisms of Sn with constant Jacobian, and Div c n be the Lie algebra of derivations of Sn with constant divergence. We prove that AutLie(Div c n) = AutLie,c(Div c n) ≃ S c n.

Amphetamine-type psychostimulants (ATS) are used worldwide by millions of patients for several psychiatric disorders. Amphetamine (AMPH) and "ecstasy" (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or MDMA) are common drugs of abuse. The impact of chronic ATS exposure to neurons and brain aging is still undisclosed. Current neuronal culture paradigms are designed to access acute ATS toxicity. We report for...

There is a counterintuitive gap in the club theory of religion. While it elegantly accounts for the notable success of strict sectarian religious groups in recruiting members and maintaining commitment, it exhibits less satisfactory properties when used to account for groups requiring neither extreme nor zero sacrifice. Such corner solutions, compared to the moderate middle, are rarely observed...

<p>This paper gives an insight into grammatical developmental tendencies in contemporary German by way of examples. After a discussion important technical terms (like <em>developmental tendencies, tendencies</em>), several are described.</p><div><div><div><p> </p></div></div></div>

Striatal neurons were cultured from the fetal mouse brain and maintained in serum-free medium for 14-21 days in vitro (DIV). Pretreatment of the culture dishes successively with a polycation followed by fetal calf serum resulted in rapid neuron attachment and neurite proliferation. After 9-10 DIV, electron microscope observations revealed the presence of vesicles in axon terminals forming matur...