The nematicidal effect of chitin, relative to other pesticides, was evaluated against two plant-parasitic nematodes, Heterodera avenae and Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Wheat seedlings, grown in soils artificially or naturally infested with H. avenae, were treated with 0.4% (w/w) ClandoSan (CLA) prepared from crustacean chitin, aldicarb (Temik 15G), or ethylene dibromide (EDB 90EC). The CLA treatm...

Two nematode species isolated from sediments of the littoral zone of South China Sea on the coast of Vietnam are described and illustrated. Paracomesoma minor sp. n. is closely related to P. elegans Gagarin & Thanh, 2009 and P. lissum Gagarin & Thanh, 2009. It differs from the former species in the shorter body, longer and more slender tail, longer cephalic setae and shorter spicules, and from ...

Nematode communities were monitored for three years in a citrus soil ecosystem in Central Florida under various agricultural regimes comparing standard vs. reduced-input practices. Differences in agricultural regimes consisted of two fertilization levels, two irrigation levels, and two types of ground cover under the tree (herbicide vs. mulch). While some nematodes were affected sporadically by...

Analysis of proteins of the banana and citrus race of Radopholus similis was carried out by several different types of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These included standard slab gel, SDS slab gel, gradient slab gel, and two-ditnensional slab gel electrophoresis. A major band difference was detected between the two races by slab gel electrophoresis. However, several other poorly resolved b...

The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tiphritidae), is an economic insect pest attacking the fruits of mangoes, apricots, guava, citrus, and peaches. This pest is difficult to be controlled by the traditional chemicals due to the behavior of its larvae that hide inside the fruits or its pupae that pupate in the soil. The present study documented the molecular identificatio...

Taylor's Power Law was fit to Tylenchulus semipenetrans population data obtained from individual trees in a survey of 50 Florida citrus orchards (geographic survey) and to data from individual trees within a single orchard collected at regular intervals for 2 years (temporal survey). No significant differences were detected between slope or intercept values when log variance was regressed again...

Steinernema riobrave ranks as the most efficacious entomopathogenic nematode for inundative biological control (biopesticide) applications against larvae of the root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus in Florida citrus groves and has been commercially available for several years. However, only one strain is known, and others could be more effective. Therefore, we used two soil sampling techniques (co...

The genetic variability of 12 burrowing nematode (Radopholus sp.) isolates from Central America, the Caribbean, and Florida, and one isolate from Ivory Coast were compared with RAPD analysis. A high degree of genetic similarity (>0.82) was determined for isolates from the Western Hemisphere. Genome similarity was greatest among isolates collected within a country. Among isolates collected in Ce...