Due to climate change, we are forced face new abiotic stress challenges like cold and heat waves that currently result from global warming. Losses due frost low temperatures force us better understand the physiological, hormonal, molecular mechanisms of response such losses, especially in tropical subtropical crops citrus fruit, which well adapted certain weather conditions. Many responses foun...

Salinity is one of the most destructive environmental challenges for citriculture worldwide, and all climate change scenarios are predicting an increased impact salinity on citrus orchards. Citrus cultivars grown as grafts various rootstocks to provide specific adaptation abiotic stress tolerance major diseases such tristeza virus. To understand rootstock–scion interactions with regard salinity...

Greenhouse-grown l-year-old sweet orange trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Valencia] on cold-hardy trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] and cold-sensitive citron (C. medica L.) rootstocks were exposed to cold-acclimation conditions and freeze-tested at -6.7C for 4 hours in a temperature-programed walk-in freezer room. Nonhardened trees generally did not survive the freeze, whe...

Abstract The experiments were conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue culture/Department Forestry/College Agriculture and Forestry/the University Mosul. To propagate three citrus rootstocks (Citrus aurantium L., Citrumelo swingle , Cariso 35 (C35))In vitro . During Initiation stage, single nodes planted on a solid MS medium supplemented with five concentrations BA (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg L -1 ). After ...

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating disease of citrus that found in most production areas around the world. The bacterium associated with HLB resides and damages phloem, restricting movement photosynthates throughout plant leading to tree decline. Considerable root loss can be observed affected trees even when few symptoms are visible aboveground. Root traits substantially influence performanc...