Drug abuse is a condition that impacts not only the individual drug user, but society as a whole. Although prevention of initial drug use is the most effective way to prevent addiction, avoiding relapse is a crucial component of drug addiction recovery. Recent studies suggest that there is a set of genes whose expression is robustly and stably altered following drug use and ensuing abstinence. ...

OBJECTIVES Cryptococcal meningitis is the commonest cause of adult meningitis in Southern Africa. A sizeable proportion of this disease burden is thought to be due to symptomatic relapse of previously treated infection. We carried out a study to examine the contribution of inadequate secondary fluconazole prophylaxis to symptomatic relapses of cryptococcal meningitis. DESIGN A prospective obs...

BACKGROUND Relapse in the central nervous system (CNS) following initial treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an uncommon but serious complication. This single centre retrospective study investigated the rate of CNS relapse in patients with DLBCL who received standardised intrathecal (IT) chemoprophylaxis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 259 patients were newly diagnosed and ...

, SlR,—We read with interest the article by Dr Nesbit and others (June 27, p. 1386) on isolated central nervous system acute lymphocytic leukaemia in children. In this very helpful article Nesbit et aL state that "CNS relapse rates are lower in patients receiving effective treatment before CNS symptoms arise, but the bone marrow relapse rate was not significantly affected by prophylactic ...

BACKGROUND Neuropathy is a common adverse effect of bortezomib. Isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse in MM remains exceedingly rare and carries a dismal prognosis. We present an unusual case of bortezomib related neuropathy masking a CNS relapse of MM. CASE PRESENTATION A 57-year-old female was diagnosed with standard-risk MM with clinical and cytogenetic features not typically assoc...

• CNS involvement at relapse/ progression in PTCL occurred at a frequency similar to what is seen in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. • Outcome after relapse is generally very poor in patients with PTCL and is not significantly altered by presence of CNS involvement at relapse. Central nervous system (CNS) relapse in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) carries a very poor prognosis. Risk factors and outcome...

Systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a potentially curable disease using current regimen of immunochemotherapy. Central nervous system (CNS) relapse is a complication that occurs in approximately 5% of DLBCL patients and is associated with a high fatality rate. Early identification of molecular markers for CNS involvement may serve for the highly needed accurate stratification of p...

Abstract Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes significant morbidity in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR). As a lack of immunity predisposes to infection, laboratory test that measures CMV-specific cell-mediated (CMV CMI) may help guide antiviral prophylaxis, predict relapses and correlate with outcomes. We assessed CMV CMI D+/R- patients during valganciclovir primary prophylaxis virem...