Variations in sea-level, based on tide gauge data (GSLTG) and combining gauges satellite (GSLl), are subjected to singular spectrum analysis (SSA) determine their trends periodic or quasi-periodic components. GLSTG increases by 90 mm from 1860 2020, a contribution of 0.56 mm/yr the mean rise rate. Annual multi-decadal periods ∼90/80, 60, 30, 20, 10/11, 4/5 years found both GSLTG GSLl. These com...

The average global sea level was rising through the 20th century as a result of global warming [8, 9, 26]. The Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated that between 1901 and 2010, the mean sea level rate 1.7±0.2 mm/yr and increased to 3.2±0.4 mm/yr between 1993 and 2010, and projected that in 2100 the largest increase in global average sea level ...

Babolsar eastern coastal dunes have been developed along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The studied area is coordinated in N36°43' to N36°44' latitude and E52°44' to E52°52' longitude. The objectives of this research were to: Study mineralogy and geochemistry of sand dunes, to obtain chemical alteration index (CIA) and its relationship to climate and mineralogy, to de...

Plant cover and vegetation structure were examined at two inland coastal sage scrub sites differing in fire history and use by California gnatcatchers. Salvia mellifera and Eriogonum fasciculatum dominated one site; shrub cover on gnatcatcher– occupied plots averaged 50 percent greater than on unoccupied plots. At the other site, gnatcatcher-occupied plots had high cover of Artemisia californic...

After the outbreak of classical swine fever (CSF) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, policy makers are expected to make decisions on the restocking of pigs. The objective of this study was to investigate farmers’ perceptions of CSF outbreak in coastal and inland communal production systems because of their differences in harbouring pathogens. Data were collected from 288 farmers in t...