This paper addresses aspects of channel coding in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing–code-division multiple access (OFDM-CDMA) uplink systems where each user occupies a bandwidth much larger than the information bit rate. This inherent bandwidth expansion allows the application of powerful low-rate codes under the constraint of low decoding costs. Three different coding strategies are c...

ABSTRACT: Space time block code is a transmit diversity strategy used in MIMO technology. STBC-OD design is an attractive code which is having the property of full code rate and full diversity and single symbol decoding for two transmit antennas. Whereas this codes fails for the rate-1 transmission of more than two transmit antennas with the complex signal constellations. To achieve a full code...

Embedding methods such as word embedding have become pillars for many applications containing discrete structures. Conventional embedding methods directly associate each symbol with a continuous embedding vector, which is equivalent to applying linear transformation based on “one-hot” encoding of the discrete symbols. Despite its simplicity, such approach yields number of parameters that grows ...

This paper addresses the issue of robust and progressive transmission of signals (e.g., images, video) encoded with variable length codes (VLCs) over error-prone channels. This paper first describes bitstream construction methods offering good properties in terms of error resilience and progressivity. In contrast with related algorithms described in the literature, all proposed methods have a l...

In this study, the focus was on the use of ternary tree over binary tree. Here, a new two pass Algorithm for encoding Huffman ternary tree codes was implemented. In this algorithm we tried to find out the codeword length of the symbol. Here I used the concept of Huffman encoding. Huffman encoding was a two pass problem. Here the first pass was to collect the letter frequencies. You need to use ...

In this paper, a method is proposed to generate pitch-contours for Mandarin speech synthesis. In this method, an HMM (hidden Markov model) is used to model the prosodic states implicitly stayed and a syllable’s pitch-contour is treated as an observation generated from a prosodic state. Such an HMM is called a syllable pitch-contour HMM (SPC-HMM). For training the SPC-HMM, we developed a feasibl...

Joint source and channel decoding (JSCD) has been proved to be an effective technique which can improve decoding performance by exploiting residual source redundancy. Most previous publications on this subject focus on a traditional coding scheme in which the source variable-length coding (VLC) is serially concatenated with a channel code. In this paper, a parallel concatenated coding scheme fo...

In this paper, we propose a bandwidth efficient error correction scheme, namely the variable rate adaptive bitinterleaved coded modulation (ABICM) , for wireless mobile channel. The code rate and modulation level are varied according to the current channel state to exploit the timevarying nature of the wireless channel. Design challenges to achieve symbol-by-symbol adaptation and component code...

Bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative detection for MIMO systems demands an efficient APP detector that delivers soft information about the coded bits. The list-sequential detector is a reduced-complexity approximation to an exhaustive APP detector. It uses a tree search employing the stack algorithm to find dominant terms of the log-likelihood ratio. The commonly used symbol-by-symbo...