Recently, clinical diagnostic reasoning has been characterized by "dual processing" models, which postulate a fast, unconscious (System 1) component and a slow, logical, analytical (System 2) component. However, there are a number of variants of this basic model, which may lead to conflicting claims. This paper critically reviews current theories and evidence about the nature of clinical diagno...

Cognitive modeling is the distinguishing factor of cognitive science and the method of choice for formalizing human cognition. In order to bridge the gap between logic and human reasoning, a number of foundational research questions need to be rigorously answered. The objective of this paper is to present relevant concepts and to introduce possible modeling standards as well as key discussion p...

abstract background: osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. the purpose of this study is to investigate the health belief model (hbm) and social cognitive theory (sct) for osteoporosis preventive nutritional behaviors in women. materials and methods: in this quasi‑experimental study, 120 patients who were women and registered under the health centers in fasa city, fars province...

anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder, are the prevalent psychiatric disorders. given the high prevalence of this disorder (1.5 to 5 percent of the population), significant impact on quality of life and dysfunctional cognitions during panic attacks and cognitive functions, the present study examined the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy on improvement of cognitive functions patien...

following the widespread acceptance of multiple intelligences theory, thomas armstrong (1984), in the initiative action, integrated it with bloom's taxonomy and enriched the theory. actually, armstrong helped remarkable by this integration to classify each of multiple intelligences in each of the six levels of cognitive domain, as well as better planning and targeting and designing curricu...

This study rests on the two basic ideas: that there has been a visible development of cognitive skills from the Antiquity to nowadays, and that the text analysis is the only way to bring it out. The author addresses the three eminent works: Euclid’s Elements and the historical treatises by Herodotus and Thucydides to reveal the notable peculiarities of the Ancient Greeks’ cognitive style in com...