Zoos and aquaria are dynamic informal learning environments that require constant sensory (often visual) access, and are thus often inaccessible to visitors with vision impairments. There remain few guidelines for designing accessible dynamic exhibits. We present a model of mediated visitor-exhibit interaction that begins to address this class of environments. We discuss plans to operationalize...

Readers tend to skip words, particularly when they are short, frequent, or predictable. Angele and Rayner (2013) recently reported that readers are often unable to detect syntactic anomalies in parafoveal vision. In the present study, we manipulated target word predictability to assess whether contextual constraint modulates the-skipping behavior. The results provide further evidence that reade...

In order to assess vision in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders, gerontologists must use tests that make minimal cognitive demands on the subject. Using such tests, we have found a pattern of deficits in color discrimination, stereoacuity, contrast sensitivity, and backward masking that differs from that seen in healthy elderly individuals. Impaired vision predicts deficient perform...

New Internet and Web-based technology applications have meant significant cost and time efficiencies to many American businesses. However, many employers have not yet fully grasped the impact of these new information and communication technologies on applicants and employees with certain disabilities such as vision impairments, hearing problems or limited dexterity. Although not all applicants ...

Spatial contrast sensitivity was measured in normal subjects with and without a retinally stabilized artificial scotoma (either circular or rectangular), which precluded foveal vision. Our results indicate that the type of contrast sensitivity loss obtained (predominantly high frequency or overall) depended on temporal factors associated with grating presentation. A predominantly high frequency...

I n a fast-changing world, the question for many senior managers is: ‘‘What leadership strategy is needed for my organization to stay competitive and to thrive?’’ To many academics and consultants, visionary leadership or leadership with vision as a core component is the answer. Although scholars, corporate trainers, and management consultants often emphasize the importance of espousing a visio...

The appearance of four different images from three different distances was simulated by using the individual contrast sensitivity functions (CSF's) of normally sighted observers. The simulations were generated by using the observers' CSF's as a threshold in a pyramidal vision model of band-limited local contrast [J. Opt. Soc. Am A 7, 2030 (1990)]. Simulations based on CSF's obtained in an orien...

We have measured the spatial bandwidths of the bandpass red-green chromatic and luminance mechanisms at four locations in the nasal visual field (0, 10, 20 and 30 degrees) using a method of notch filtered noise masking which effectively removes the artifact of off-frequency looking for our stimuli. Detection thresholds were measured for luminance or isoluminant red-green Gaussian enveloped test...

In this study the contribution of stereo vision to the control of braking in front of a stationary target vehicle was investigated. Participants with normal (StereoN) and weak (StereoW) stereo vision drove a go-cart along a linear track towards a stationary vehicle. They could start braking from a distance of 4, 7, or 10m from the vehicle. Deceleration patterns were measured by means of a laser...

Twenty-seven observers performed intensive visual search tasks with curved and flat monitors. Based on a 22-item eyestrain questionnaire, fewer subjects reported eyestrain, difficulty-tofocus and blurred-vision symptoms with a curved monitor than with a flat monitor. Fewer subjects had reduced saccade peak speed following the curved monitor use. Author