Does power sharing between competing elites result in franchise extension to non-elites? In this paper, we argue that competing, risk-averse elites will enfranchise non-elites as insurance against future, uncertain imbalances in relative bargaining power. We show that negligibly small changes in the bargaining power of non-elites, conditional on enfranchisment, via coalition formation, constrai...

fractionation studies on the sediment samples provide valuable information on the nature of the metals bound to the sediments. thirty three sediment samples of river adyar were collected during two seasons and speciation study was carried out. the industrial and domestic effluents are directed into the river course at many points in the middle and lower of the adyar river. to ascertain the exte...

conclusions overall, the results derived from these studies indicated that hospital safety levels in most of the surveyed hospitals were moderate. although the situation in hospitals is not critical, there is a need to plan and take appropriate measures to improve the safety level of the hospitals. results hospital preparedness in disaster was evaluated in three dimensions: structural, non-stru...

the safety of hydrogen generation facilities is the main concern in their process operation. this study was conducted to identify the hazards and evaluate the risks of a hydrogen generation plant. for this purpose, prha (process hazard analysis) was applied for hazard identification while lopa (layer of protection analysis) was used for risk assessment. the study was conducted in the hydrogen p...

Cyber risks are an important point on the business agenda in every company, but they are difficult to assess due to the absence of reliable data and profound analyses. To improve this situation, we identify cyber losses from an operational risk database and analyze these with methods from the field of actuarial science. Specifically, we apply operational risk models in order to yield consistent...

Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) models have already been developed and used to assess various risks of road tunnels, including the societal risk and expected number of fatalities (ENF). Fire in a road tunnel is considered as the most severe disaster in that road tunnel is an enclosed space. The risk assessment for fire in road tunnels involves a number of parameters. Some of these parameters...

We introduce a generalised subgradient for law-invariant closed convex risk measures on L and establish its relationship with optimal risk allocations and equilibria. Our main result gives sufficient conditions ensuring a non-empty generalised subgradient.

We discuss the uniformly asymptotic estimate of the finite-time ruin probability for all times in a generalized compound renewal risk model, where the interarrival times of successive accidents and all the claim sizes caused by an accident are two sequences of random variables following a wide dependence structure. This wide dependence structure allows random variables to be either negatively d...

drilling operations are exposed to a variety of hazards, some of which may be location and activity dependent and each could pose different risk from different paths.  drilling operation may be vulnerable to hurricanes in one region and be exposed to geohazards in another. however, there are other hazards, (e.g. corrosion, age degradation, poor maintenance), which equally affects every rig. ide...