We numerically investigate the electric potential distribution over a twodimensional continuum percolation model between the electrodes. The model consists of overlapped conductive particles on the background with an infinitesimal conductivity. Using the finite difference method, we solve the generalized Laplace equation and show that in the potential distribution, there appear the quasi-equipo...

ÐWe introduce a new concept for alias-free voxelization of geometric objects based on a Voxelization model (V-model). The V-model of an object is its representation in three-dimensional continuous space by a trivariate density function. This function is sampled during the voxelization and the resulting values are stored in a volume buffer. This concept enables us to study general issues of samp...

This paper develops an adaptive PDE observer for battery state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) estimation. Realtime state and parameter information enables operation near physical limits without compromising durability, thereby unlocking the full potential of battery energy storage. SOC/SOH estimation is technically challenging because battery dynamics are governed by electrochemical ...

Two groups of aggregates with fractal dimensions of 1.81 ( 0.09 and 2.33 ( 0.07 were generated by coagulation of latex microspheres (2.84 μm) in a Jar-test (paddle-mixing) device. The collision rates between these fractal aggregates (200-1000 μm) and small (1.48 μm) particles were measured for individual aggregates that had settled through a suspension of the small particles. Aggregate permeabi...

A validated HPLC method was developed to determine doxorubicin concentration in a small volume of rat plasma (60 µl) with convenient fluorescence detection. Sample preparation includes a simple one-step liquid-liquid extraction using minimum amount of organic solvent, with extraction recoveries more than 95%. The analysis was accomplished using PerfectSil C18 column maintained at 35 °C and a mo...

As a new modeling procedure of geothermal energy extraction systems, the authors present two dimensional and three dimensional modeling techniques of subsurface fracture network, based on fractal geometry. Fluid flow in fractured rock occurs primarily through a connected network of discrete fractures. The fracture network approach, therefore, seeks to model fluid flow and heat transfer through ...

The statistical geometry of cavities in a confined Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluid is investigated with the focus on metastable states in the vicinity of the stability limit of the liquidlike state. For a given configuration of molecules, a cavity is defined as a connected region where there is sufficient space to accommodate an additional molecule. By means of grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations,...

mucosa-adhesive gels can be used as a useful mean of delivering drugs to or via mucosal membranes, and in particular buccal mucosa. carbomers are among the best mucosa-adhesive materials known. the aim of this study was to compare the results obtained from the mucosa-adhesive strength of aqueous gels containing carbomers, either alone or in combination, to the data obtained from assessing the d...

Polymer gels undergo volume phase transition in a thermodynamically poor solvent as a result of changes in molecular interactions. The osmotic pressure of gels, both synthetic and biological in nature, induces swelling and imparts the materials with the capacity to resist compressive loads. We have investigated the mechanical and swelling properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) gels brought int...

objectives: the antioxidant capacity impairs in kidney and urinary bladder of animals with stone disease. herbal medicine can improve the antioxidant condition of renal tissue. cynodon dactylon (c. dactylon) is a medicinal plant with antioxidative and diuretic properties and different preparations of this plant have shown promising effects in stone disease. assessment of the whole plant decocti...