A novel concept of polymer railway sleeper is proposed in this study that has the potential to meet static performance requirements within cost hardwood timber. The existing challenges composite sleepers, such as low or high cost, can be overcome using innovative concept. Such a proclamation proven through limit state design criteria and series experimentations. Results show polyurethane foam a...

Ballast is a porous layer that reduces the effective contact surface between sleeper and ballast. Also, does not have smooth bottom surface, which causes reduction of ballast particles. At field experiments, by installing sensitive papers under sleepers track, cyclic load was imposed passing trains, after certain amount loads, pressure paper removed, measured while in laboratory investigation, ...

The objective of this study was to describe sleep patterns in patients with heart failure (HF) and analyze associations between sleep and the following variables: gender, age, fatigue, fatigue on exertion, physical activity, functional class, drug therapy, dyspnea, and body mass index. The nonprobability sample consisted of 400 patients (mean age 57.8 years; 64.8% were men, average schooling of...

Based on the capability of controlling low-frequency elastic waves in solids with subwavelength size, locally resonant phononic crystals have potential applications track vibration reduction. By periodically embedding 3D unit cells (LRUCs) a concrete matrix, wave-resistance sleeper negative effective mass density is proposed, and generation mechanism bandgap parameter sensitivity are studied. F...

In booted sleeper floating track systems wherein the concrete bed, rail, and are structurally separated, mismatches can occur between substructure owing to deformations. Nevertheless, mutual behavior substructures has not been studied extensively. To address this limitation, effect of uplift subsidence on deformation a boosted system installed in subway box tunnel was analyzed using finite elem...

Problem: Infer relative danger from spatially segregated predators in large-scale marine systems, using individual differences in prey foraging behaviour. Mathematical models: Optimization of trade-offs between predation risk and energy gain. Key assumption: Foraging individuals choosing to incur higher risk of predation should experience higher energetic gain than individuals choosing safer fo...

Waters’ variant of the Boneh-Boyen IBE scheme is attractive because of its efficency, applications, and security attributes, but suffers from a relatively complex proof with poor concrete security. This is due in part to the proof’s “artificial abort” step, which has then been inherited by numerous derivative works. It has often been asked whether this step is necessary. We show that it is not,...

Why do some individuals need more sleep than others? Forward mutagenesis screens in flies using engineered mutations have established a clear genetic component to sleep duration, revealing mutants that convey very long or short sleep. Whether such extreme long or short sleep could exist in natural populations was unknown. We applied artificial selection for high and low night sleep duration to ...

(U) The relationship between perceived sleep quality and career effectiveness was studied in Navy corpsmen. Two samples of Naval School of Health Sciences students were asked, "Overall, what kind of sleeper are you?" Based on responses, 506 "good" sleepers and 109 "poor" sleepers were selected for longitudinal study and followed for 6 years. For replication. Sample 2, consisting of 1,024 good a...