Returning to the roots of the notion of ‘‘theocracy’’ helps elucidate this much maligned and misunderstood concept. In popular modern discourse, this term is often used to censure fundamentalist religious leadership that undermines lawful values. Academic scholarship, which applies this label in a more neutral manner, likewise associates it with an absence of formal rules, what Martin Buber fam...

Throughout its short history, federal relations in Russia have been dominated by extra-legal political and economic relations rather than constitutionalism and the rule of law. The Russian Federation’s unique blend of constitutional, socioeconomic, and political asymmetry, far from promoting democracy, has bolstered authoritarian regimes in the regions. Federalism and regional democracy have al...

this essay, as its title signifies, deals with the relationship between two terms and fields in qajar age: on one hand, the term “constitutionalism” which often used in the field of contemporary “politics” of iran, and the field of “aesthetics” on the other hand.“aesthetics”, in kant 's view, means a system of a priori forms which defines what would expose itself to sensible experience.in ...