Abstract The effectiveness of constructed wetlands (CWs) created to improve water quality has been demonstrated. However, their role in enhancing biodiversity, such as plankton communities, is still understudied. To assess this, we analysed, over two years, the three structurally different CWs which are intermediaries between low-quality waters and a protected Mediterranean wetland ( Albufera d...

This article reviews investigations in which Canna indica was utilized constructed wetlands (CW) for wastewater treatment of a variety types. It is strongly urged that ornamental flowering plants be used CWs as monoculture or mixed species to improve the appearance whilst still treating wastewater. Plants play important roles by giving conditions physical filtration wastewater, large specific s...

Landfill leachate is produced many years after a landfill site closes. Hence, treatment by “natural methods”, as e.g. constructed wetlands, with low management requirements is attractive. Constructed wetlands usually provide both shallow and deep areas with aerobic and anaerobic zones, which is suitable for nitrification followed by denitrification of the ammonium-rich leachates. Full-scale tre...

Constructed wetlands (CW) are an alternative localized treatment technology suitable for reducing BOD, COD, NPK and pathogens to acceptable levels for subsequent use of treated water, especially for irrigation. Dissolved chemicals and heavy metals are also reduced to an extent. CWs are extensively used in developed countries for secondary and tertiary treatment of domestic sewage and treatment ...

18 This work aimed at determining the amount of energy that can be harvested by 19 implementing microbial fuel cells (MFC) in horizontal subsurface constructed wetlands 20 (HSSF CWs) during the treatment of real domestic wastewater. To this aim, MFC were 21 implemented in a pilot plant based on two HSSF CW, one fed with primary settled 22 wastewater (Settler line) and the other fed with the eff...

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have proved to be a highly effective measure to reduce the ecological impact of combined sewer overflows (CSOs) on receiving waters. Due to the stochastic nature of the loading regime and the multitude of environmental influences, assessment of the performance of such plants requires detailed mathematical modelling. A multi-component reactive transport module (CW2D) w...

Combined sewer systems are designed to transport stormwater surface runoff in addition to the dry weather flows up to defined limits. In most European countries, hydraulic loads greater than the design flow of wastewater treatment plants are discharged directly into the receiving water bodies with minimal treatment (screening, sedimentation) or with no treatment at all. One feasible solution to...

Background: Eutrophication of aquatic environments is a major environmental problem in large parts of the world. In Europe, EU legislation (the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive), international conventions (OSPAR, HELCOM) and national environmental objectives emphasize the need to reduce the input of plant nutrients to freshwater and marine environments. A wi...