background: as glass ionomers have the ability to reload fluoride from outside sources, the aim was to compare the recharge pattern of six glass ionomer cements after exposure to fluoride. materials and methods: fuji vii, fuji ix, riva pink, riva bleach, ketac fil and fuji ix extra were investigated. the fluoride-containing materials used were tooth paste and mouth wash (colgate). specimens of ...

background: the development of injectable sustained-release products are of great interest to veterinary pharmaceuticals and animal health business. recently, great attention has been paid to in situ gel-forming chitosan/beta-glycerophosphate (chitosan/β-gp) solutions due to their good biodegradability and thermosensitivity. objectives: the general aim of this study was to prepare a novel in si...

objective: stevioside is a natural non-caloric sweetener which has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity.  the aim of  the present study was to examine in vitro and in vivo effects of  stevioside on rats  plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor- α (tnf-α),  interleukin-1β (il-1β), tnf-α and il-1β release from lipopolysaccharide(lps)-stimulated rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p...