Abstract The main energy source for the intensification of a tropical cyclone (TC) is widely accepted to be transfer from ocean atmosphere via surface fluxes. pathway through which these fluxes lead an increase in kinetic has typically been interpreted either terms total potential or dry available (APE), entropy-based heat engine viewpoint. Here, we use local theory APE construct budget moist i...

Motivated by recent experimental and numerical results, a simple unifying picture of intermittency in turbulent shear flows is suggested. Integral structure functions (ISF), taking into account explicitly the shear intensity, are introduced on phenomenological grounds. ISF can exhibit a universal scaling behavior, independent of the shear intensity. This picture is in satisfactory agreement wit...

Abstract. Severe convective storms, in particular supercells, are occasionally responsible for a large number of property losses and damage Spain. This paper aims to study the synoptic configurations pre-convective environments dataset 262 supercells during 2011–2020 The events grouped into with hail (diameter larger than 5 cm) without results compared. ERA5 reanalysis is used proximity atmosph...

The available potential energy of the atmosphere may be defined as the difference between the total potential energy and the minimum total potential energy which could result from any adiabatic redistribution of mass. It vanishes if the density stratification is horizontal and statically stable everywhere, and is positive otherwise. It is measured approximately by a weighted vertical average of...

The energetics of hurricane Hilda (1964) are studied through the theory of available potential energy applied to a limited fixed region surrounding the storm. The generation of available potential energy is shown t o be closely dependent on differential heating within the baroclinic structure of the hurricane, occurring primarily in the middle and upper troposphcre of the core of the storm. The...

Thunderstorms of pre-monsoon season (April-May) over Kolkata (22 ̊32' N, 88 ̊20' E), India are invariably accompanied with lightning flashes, high wind gusts, torrential rainfall, occasional hail and tornadoes which significantly affect the life and property on the ground and aviation aloft. The societal and economic impact due to such storms made accurate prediction of the weather phenomenon a s...