By applying finite difference formula to time discretization and the cubic B-splines for spatial variable, a numerical method for solving the inverse system of Burgers equations is presented. Also, the convergence analysis and stability for this problem are investigated and the order of convergence is obtained. By using two test problems, the accuracy of presented method is verified. Additional...

Several convergence and stability issues of the balanced implicit methods (BIMs) for systems of real-valued ordinary stochastic differential equations are thoroughly discussed. These methods are linear-implicit ones, hence easily implementable and computationally more efficient than commonly known nonlinear-implicit methods. In particular, we relax the so far known convergence condition on its ...

Striking evolutionary convergence can lead to similar sets of species in different locations, such as in cichlid fishes and Anolis lizards, and suggests that evolution can be repeatable and predictable across clades. Yet, most examples of convergence involve relatively small temporal and/or spatial scales. Some authors have speculated that at larger scales (e.g., across continents), differing e...

Although convergence is recognized as a central concept in evolutionary biology, very few tools are available for the quantitative study of this phenomenon. Moreover, although many evolutionary assertions assume that convergence should be rare in the absence of influences on organismal phenotypes such as natural selection or constraint, no studies have tested whether this is the case. I simulat...

Search-based optimization methods have been used for software engineering activities such as software testing. In the field of software testing, search-based test data generation refers to application of meta-heuristic optimization methods to generate test data that cover the code space of a program. Automatic test data generation that can cover all the paths of software is known as a major cha...

in the present paper, we introduce some new sequence spaces derived by riesz mean and the notions of almost and strongly almost convergence in a real 2-normed space. some topological properties of these spaces are investigated. further, new concepts of statistical convergence which will be called weighted almost statistical convergence, almost statistical convergence and statistical convergence...

Political science research on policy convergence has largely remained inconclusive. While many studies found support for the convergence hypothesis, an almost equally large number of studies rejected it. Convergence thus could be a less general phenomenon than many theorists believe. This article identifies a second possible explanation. The variance approach, which dominates political science ...

This paper updates and extends the time-series evidence on the convergence of international incomes using a set of 29 countries over the period 1900-2001. Time-series tests for stochastic convergence are supplemented with tests which provide evidence on the notion of “$-convergence” predicted by the Solow model. The evidence indicates that the relative income series of 21 countries are consiste...

Using OECD data (1965-1994) for 22 selected countries; we test for tax burden and per capita GDP convergence based on a time series approach. We further examine the issue of a possible relationship existing between per capita GDP and tax burden convergence. Generally, the evidence from this paper does not show any close relationship between tax burden and per capita GDP convergence.