Chlorine is extensively used to disinfect drinking water supply. However, the design of chlorine contact tank is usually based on the volume displacement criterion, paying attention that detention time would be at least of half an hour. This criterion relies upon the assumption that plug-flow conditions hold along the tank. However, the existence and arrangement of baffles in the tank, and the ...

Metal foam is a novel material recently utilized in baffles as an alternative to solid for reducing flow resistance. However, the metal are accompanied by low heat transfer efficiency. To overcome this issue, new design of copper has been suggested research, called having gradient pore density foam. The either increases or decreases towards wall. So, experimental tests were carried out square c...

Concurrent flow flame spread experiments are conducted over thermally thin solid fuels in microgravity aboard the International Space Station (ISS) under varying levels of confinement. Samples cotton fiberglass blended textile fabric burned air flows a small duct. Baffles placed parallel to sample sheet, one on each side symmetrically. The distance between baffles is varied change confinement b...

An efficient finite volume approach has been used to develop a three dimensional Helmholtz acoustic solver for complex geometries. This acoustic solver was utilized to obtain characteristic mode shapes and frequencies of a baffled combustion chamber. An experimental setup, including stationary and moving sensors, has also been used to measure these quantities for the same model combustion chamb...

The performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cooling system using coolant flow channels enhanced with baffles was numerically investigated. To do this, the maximum temperature of the cooling plate, temperature uniformity and also pressure drop along the flow channels were compared for different cases associated with number of baffles and their dimensions inside the channels. The govern...

Three-dimensional laser Doppler Anemometry measurements of the turbulent flow field in the vicinity of the baffles in a vessel agitated with a Rushton turbine have been performed. The measurements have provided simultaneously all three components of the instantaneous velocity, and thus information on all elements of the Reynolds stress and anisotropy tensors in addition to data on flow field an...

We present a simple mechanical model for dynamic wetting phenomena. Metallic balls spread along a periodically corrugated surface simulating molecules of liquid advancing along a solid substrate. A vertical stack of balls mimics a liquid droplet. Stochastic motion of the balls, driven by mechanical vibration of the corrugated surface, induces diffusional motion. Simple theoretical estimates are...

To obtain the eigenmodes of the electromagnetic field at a periodically corrugated metamaterial we consider a theory of spoof plasmons propagating on metamaterial perforated with planar periodic grooves. We present the rigorous modeling and analysis of surface waves at the boundary of the corrugated metamaterial structure. Particularly, we pay special attention to the ways of controlling the pr...

This paper deals with the interaction between a moving wheelset and a slab track due to the shortpitch corrugated rail. The wheelset is modeled using a free-free Timoshenko beam with attached rigid bodies as the axle boxes, wheels and brake discs. The slab track model consists of elastically supported double EulerBernoulli beams. In fact, both wheelset and slab track are symmetric structures an...