The cyclooxygenase ( COX ) -2 inhibitor celecoxib was recently approved in the USA for the prevention of polyp formation in familial adenomatous polyposis, a defined premalignant condition for colorectal cancer. The potential value of COX inhibitors in similar roles for other malignancies, particularly breast cancer, is therefore currently under intense scrutiny. Use of these medications in che...

Approximately six years after the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors were approved for use in the United States, the results of three randomized, placebo-controlled trials provide new evidence about the cardiovascular risks of rofecoxib, celecoxib, and valdecoxib. 1-3 The Adenomatous Polyp Prevention on Vioxx (APPROVe) trial, a study of patients with a history of colorectal adenomas, was stopp...

The evidence that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is upregulated and plays an important role in carcinogenesis of gastric cancer has triggered the topic of COX-2 inhibitors as chemopreventive agents for gastric cancer. Studies find that COX-2 inhibitors are associated not only with chemoprophylactic effects, but also with chemotherapeutic potentials in gastric cancer. Both COX-dependent and COX-indepe...

Prostaglandins (PGs) are biologically active lipids derived from the cyclooxygenase (COX)-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid. They are constitutively produced in certain tissues (eg, brain, gut, and kidney), and their synthesis is increased at sites of inflammation. Prostanoids function as important mediators of inflammation and modulate a variety of physiological processes, including main...

n Sept. 30, 2004, the pharmaceutical giant Merck & Co. Inc. announced a voluntary worldwide withdrawal of VIOXX (rofecoxib), its arthritis and acute pain COX-2 inhibiting medication. The company’s decision was based on data from a new, three-year prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, which showed that after 18 months of use, VIOXX increased relative risk for confirmed card...

The controversy over the cardiovascular risks of cox-2 inhibitors stems from 2 main trials: VIGOR and CLASS. These two trials were designed to assess the gastrointestinal safety of rofecoxib (Vioxx) and celecoxib (Celebrex), respectively. From these trials, it was observed that the cox-2 inhibitors had a higher number of cardiovascular events than the NSAIDS that they were paired against. For e...

as a continuous research for discovery of new cox-2 inhibitors, chemical synthesis, in vitro biological activity and molecular docking study of anew group of 1,4-dihydropyridine (dhp) derivatives were presented. novel synthesized compounds possessing a cox-2 so2me pharmacophore at the para position of c-4 phenyl ring, different hydrophobic groups (r1) at c-2 position and alkoxycarbonyl groups (...

As a continuous research for discovery of new COX-2 inhibitors, chemical synthesis, in vitro biological activity and molecular docking study of anew group of 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives were presented. Novel synthesized compounds possessing a COX-2 SO2Me pharmacophore at the para position of C-4 phenyl ring, different hydrophobic groups (R1) at C-2 position and alkoxycarbonyl groups (...