Background The supplementation of standard diets with creatinebased compounds in speed-and-strength sports has become very popular today. The creatine alone is an endogenous substance synthetized in internal organs, such as liver, pancreas and kidneys. Primary stores of free creatine (Cr) and its phosphorylated form (PCr) are skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle tissues. Since the...

Fatigue sustained during short-term, highintensity exercise in humans is associated with the inability of skeletal muscle to maintain a high rate of anaerobic ATP production from phosphocreatine hydrolysis. Ingestion of creatine monohydrate at a rate of 20 g/d for 5–6 d was shown to increase the total creatine concentration of human skeletal muscle by 25 mmol/kg dry mass, some 30% of this in ph...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of creatine supplementation in fibromyalgia patients. METHODS A 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial was conducted. Fibromyalgia patients were randomly assigned to receive either creatine monohydrate or placebo in a double-blind manner. The patients were evaluated at baseline and after 16 weeks. Muscle fun...

DIFFERENCES IN CREATINE RETENTION AMONG THREE NUTRITIONAL FORMULATIONS OF ORAL CREATINE SUPPLEMENTS. Mike Greenwood, Richard Kreider, Conrad Earnest, Christopher Rasmussen, Anthony Almada. JEPonline. 2003;6(2):37-43. Previous research has indicated that creatine retention is influenced by intramuscular creatine concentration and extracellular concentrations of glucose and insulin. This study ex...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Creatine (Cr) supplementation has been widely used among athletes and physically active individuals. Secondary to its performance-enhancing ability, an increase in oxidative stress may occur, thus prompting concern about its use. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Cr monohydrate supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and oxida...

AIM Creatine is an endogenous molecule synthesized in the liver, kidney and pancreas from glycine and arginine and is important for mitochondrial metabolism. It is widely used as a supplement for improving muscle mass and function for many years. As it is expected to prevent apoptosis and diminish oxidative stress, it is also studied in a number of neurodegenerative diseases for its beneficial ...

Short-term creatine supplementation is reported to result in a decreased ratio of phosphocreatine (PCr) to total creatine (TCr) in human skeletal muscle at rest. Assuming equilibrium of the creatine kinase reaction, this decrease in PCr:TCr implies increased cytoplasmic ADP and decreased Gibbs free energy of ATP hydrolysis in muscle, which seems contrary to the reported ergogenic benefits of cr...

BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that plasma creatine levels are influenced by extracellular concentrations of insulin and glucose as well as by the intracellular creatine concentration. However, the form of creatine administered does not appear to have any effect although specific data on this is lacking. This study examined whether the administration of three different forms of creatine...