The marketing discourse of the past 10 years was dominated by stagnation and depression. Advertising at the edge of perception, inexpedient segmentation of target groups, continuously revised and adapted manifestations of marketing tools provoking at best a three to five percent return, squibbed marketing budgets – the former marketing director of Coca Cola, Sergio Zyman, preaches the ”The end ...

Introduction. Optimum growth and development are best achieved by breastfeeding, which is the safest source for infant feeding. Mothers in Saudi Arabia start to breastfeed their infants but soon introduce formula brands. Objective. To assess the safety and nutritional adequacy of the oldest formula brands available in the Saudi market. Methods. An observational study has compared between 5 type...

Point estimates of unknown parameters θ governing the distribution of an observed quantity X are unsatisfying if they come with no measure of accuracy or precision. One approach to giving such a measure is to offer interval estimates for θ, rather than point estimates; upon observing X, we construct an interval [a, b] which is very likely to contain θ, and which is very short. The approach to e...

In many settings, it is important that a model be capable of providing reasons for its predictions (i.e., the model must be interpretable). However, the model’s reasoning may not conform with well-established knowledge. In such cases, while interpretable, the model lacks credibility. In this work, we formally define credibility in the linear setting and focus on techniques for learning models t...

BACKGROUND Increasing tobacco taxes to increase price is a proven tobacco control measure. This article investigates how smokers respond to tax and price increases in their choice of discount brand cigarettes versus premium brands. OBJECTIVE To estimate how increase in the tax rate can affect smokers' choice of discount brands versus premium brands. METHODS Using data from International Tob...