Biographical notes: Adrian V. Gheorghe has an MSc in Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Power Engineering, Bucharest Polytechnic Institute (1968), Romania. He holds a PhD in Systems Science/Systems Engineering from City University, London, UK (1975). He also holds an MBA from the Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest (1985) and an MSc in Engineering-Economics from the Bucharest Polytechnic Ins...

In the fast-changing modern world of today, learners need global skills for life-long learning and effective communication. Among these skills are intercultural competence and critical thinking. Although teachers have acknowledged the importance of the inclusion of global skills in their actual teaching procedures, they still need more concrete methodology and tangible pedagogical frame...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to present and expand on current theories and measurement techniques for assessing team workload. BACKGROUND To date, little research has been conducted on the workload experienced by teams. A validated theory describing team workload, which includes an account of its relation to individual workload, has not been articulated. METHOD The authors revie...

BACKGROUND Allocation of scarce resources presents an increasing challenge to hospital administrators and health policy makers. Intensive care units can present bottlenecks within busy hospitals, but their expansion is costly and difficult to gauge. Although mathematical tools have been suggested for determining the proper number of intensive care beds necessary to serve a given demand, the per...

n engl j med 367;21 nejm.org november 22, 2012 1974 to strengthen the planning of the postauthorization phase and reduce preventable harm. Once a product is on the market, new safety signals may emerge. Spontaneous reports of adverse reactions can be used to identify patterns of drug–drug and drug–disease interactions that were not apparent before authorization. Collection of data from all poss...

The increasing number of afflicted individuals with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses significant emotional and financial burden on the world's population. Therapeutics designed to treat symptoms or alter the disease course have failed to make an impact, despite substantial investments by governments, pharmaceutical industry, and private donors. These failures in treatment efficacy have...

The manner in which an experiment is conducted determines the inferences that can be made from the results of the analysis of the experiment. This paper emphasizes the critical need in pest-damage control (PDC) experiments for a detailed planning process (i.e., the design of experiments) by exampling improper designs that prohibit a researcher from making valid inferences about his hypotheses o...

The development of an α-synuclein imaging agent could be transformative for Parkinson's disease research and drug development. The ability to image α-synuclein in the brain would enable tracking of the degree and location of pathology over time and monitoring of therapies aimed at reducing α-synuclein levels. The Michael J. Fox Foundation has assembled a consortium of researchers to develop an ...

work and continuous investigation have improved the outcome of critically ill patients over time. Nowadays, innovation pulled by demand and trans la-tional research projects of excellence will constitute new opportunities for clinicians to improve care and provide economic incentives to be returned to the patient, institutions, and society. Over 60 years of clinical work and research in critica...