The origins of the political thought neo-conservative movement stem from non-American European references, and non-Christian Jewish theological beliefs, especially ideas Leo Strauss, German thinker, Trotsky, Russian thinker who formulated idea ​​the with this conclusion that drew its horizons to world, Middle East In order achieve greatness American Empire, hegemony sovereignty over whole becau...

In this paper we consider the duality between process and concept in mathematics, in particular using the same symbolism to represent both a process (such as the addition of two numbers 3+2) and the product of that process (the sum 3+2). The ambiguity of notation allows the successful thinker the flexibility in thought to move between the process to carry out a mathematical task and the concept...

Auguste Rodin is the most celebrated sculptor of the 19th century. His works, such as The Gates of Hell, The Thinker, and The Burghers of Calais, are famous worldwide. To our knowledge, no art historians have analyzed three-dimensional data of Rodin's work. This paper describes our project to fill this need by digitally archiving the bronze statue, The Burghers of Calais. First, we scanned the ...

In recent decades, "Public Sphere" is one of the most important concepts in political science. Jurgen Habermas the famous thinker in this approach is the first to use this concept in critical thinking, where he demonstrates how networking is used for communicative actions. Habermas has not included the Internet as an important part of his thought process in the "public sphere", however, I think...

Many terms can be used to evaluate beliefs, belief-forming processes, and other similar mental states and processes of reasoning. Such mental states and processes can be called “right” or “wrong”, “correct” or “incorrect”, “reasonable” or “unreasonable”, “justified” or “unjustified”, and so on. In recent years, ever since Tyler Burge gave his John Locke lectures in Oxford in 1993, many philosop...

The article presents a historical and philosophical study of the main ideas American thinker Puritan era, John Cotton (1585–1652). renowned worked as priest both in England colonies. He was known an outstanding theologian philosopher Massachusetts Bay Colony. future received his education at Trinity College Emmanuel Cambridge. His reputation associated with ability to preach knowledge theology,...

John Higham the historiographer would have approved of the forum in this issue on Higham the historian of ethnicity and nativism. As Alan Kraut recounts, Higham persistently applied his own critical and historiographic skills to himself. While he would have disagreed with this or that point in the four essays and the forum comment, he would have been pleased by the forum’s dual agenda. The essa...

This paper describes a work-in-progress: a computerized learning environment for teaching the conceptual patterns of scientific reasoning. BROCA (Basic Research, Observations, Critical Analysis) is theory-driven, combining two very powerful conceptual models of thinking. The first -drawn from cognitive psychology and information theory -focuses on the mental manipulations by which data becomes ...

This article represents an opinion by Robert Shulman, who as all know is one of the most senior scientists in the field of neuroenergetics, having made major contributions to field of NMR applied to biology. Robert Shulman is also a deep thinker in the exploration of the relationships between brain activity and mental life. We feel that this personal view on the role that metabolic and vascular...

Gopal balakrishnan is one of the foremost experts in the Anglo-American world on the life and work of Carl Schmitt, and I am grateful for his response in nlr 68, ‘The Geopolitics of Separation’, to my essay on the thinker, ‘Decisions and Indecisions’, in nlr 67. Balakrishnan’s intellectual biography of Schmitt, The Enemy, remains, according to one eminent voice in the field, ‘the best English-l...