The aim of this study was to analyse the damage caused by wild boar Sus scrofa crop fields located in central-eastern Poland relation with composition. A significant increase grassland area and under cultivation total cereals, vegetables, fruit, root crops (p ≤ 0.05) revealed on area. volume legumes, industrial plants, fruit increased simultaneously surface these plant groups 0.05). compensatio...

1 Below-ground organisms influence above-ground interactions in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Among the most important below-ground organisms are mycorrhizal fungi, comprising ubiquitous and ancient plant mutualists that have significant effects on plant growth and fitness mediated by resource exchange with plants. In the present study, we focus on the effects of arbuscular mycorrhi...

Substantial reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita on winter cover crops may lead to damaging populations in a subsequent cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) crop. The amount of population increase during the winter depends on soil temperature and the host status of the cover crop. Our objectives were to quantify M. incognita race 3 reproduction on rye (Secale cereale) and several leguminous cover crops...

Use of different pesticides in the agriculture sector, in order to boost crop yield within a short time period and low labor, has been tremendously increased since the last decade. Pesticide use has elevated crop yield but has produced a number of pronounced problems regarding environmental and health safety. The continuously deteriorating toxicological effects of these pesticides are not only ...

The deer mouse is the most widely distributed and abundant small mammal in North America. They use a wide array of habitats, are very adaptable, and have a high reproductive potential. They play a number of roles in ecosystems, but can cause damage to orchards, forests, agriculture crops, and rangelands primarily through seed and newly-emerged seedling consumption. They also cause damage simila...

This paper investigates the impact of climate change on the productivity of crop production using U.S. county-level yield and weather data between 1950 and 2015. It finds that the pooled estimators used in previous studies underestimate the sensitivity of crops to high temperatures by ignoring slope heterogeneity, and underestimate the damage of future climate change on yield. Furthermore, expl...

Agricultural damage by wildlife is a major concern for both agricultural and wildlife agencies at the state and federal level. Our objective was to estimate wildlife damage to agricultural crops on a statewide basis. We sent questionnaires to 4,958 farmers and 1,003 were returned after 2 mailings. Twenty-five percent of farmers responding to our survey rated the level of wildlife damage to thei...

Nematode multiplication rates Pf/Pi and overwinter survivorship (Pi2/Pfl) for Meloidogyne incognita were both adequately described by negative exponential models, indicating density dependence in each case. Density dependence of the multiplication rates is mediated by resource limitation and host damage; in survivorship rates it may be mediated by limitation of stored reserves or prevalence of ...