Abstract Dehumanization is routinely invoked in social science and law as the primary factor explaining how propaganda encourages support for, or participation in, violence against targeted outgroups. Yet primacy of dehumanization increasingly challenged by apparent influence revenge on collective violence. This study examines critically various audiences. Although previous research stresses da...

This paper presents an ontology-based partial pattern tree to identify the speech act in a spoken dialogue system. This study first extracts the key words/concepts in an application domain using latent semantic analysis (LSA). A partial pattern tree is used to deal with the ill-formed sentence problem in a spoken dialogue system. Concept expansion based on domain ontology is adopted to improve ...

pragmatic assessment and consistency in rating are among the subject matters which are still in need of more profound investigations. the importance of the issue is highlighted when remembering that inconsistency in ratings would surely damage the test fairness issue in assessment and lead to much diversity in ratings. our principal concern in this study was observing the criteria that american...

Cultural factors have long been known to influence the communication and success potential of competition. Cultural awareness shapes how business firms behave in cross-culturally reflected international markets. It is broadly recognized that cultural factors act as invisible barriers in international business communications. Understanding cultural differences is one of the most significant skil...

Pragmatic assessment and consistency in rating are among the subject matters which are still in need of more profound investigations. The importance of the issue is highlighted when remembering that inconsistency in ratings would surely damage the test fairness issue in assessment and lead to much diversity in ratings. Our principal concern in this study was observing the criteria that American...

this study aims to examine how iranian efl learners perceive and apply mitigation devices in request speech act in 4 asymmetrical situations. role-play interactions and questionnaires were used to elicit the required data from iranian informants (male vs. female). the results obtained from the analysis of data revealed that in identical situations, male requestors were comparably more certain t...

The current research tested the idea that it is the cultural fit of emotions, rather than certain emotions per se, that predicts psychological well-being. We reasoned that emotional fit in the domains of life that afford the realization of central cultural mandates would be particularly important to psychological well-being. We tested this hypothesis with samples from three cultural contexts th...

This study aimed to investigate the differences between politeness strategies used by university EFL learners and American native speakers in making disagreements. Using Brown Levinson’s (1978) model, examined variables of gender, social status, distance. The participants were 63 (41 females 22 males) 20 (10 10 males). who took part this studying Department English Language Literature at Univer...