Magnetic properties of Co-C nanodot arrays produced by direct interferometric laser annealing are investigated by magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and magnetization measurements. The dots are formed by locally annealing sputtered amorphous Co-C films in regions where the laser intensity is highest. As-sputtered Co-C films do not exhibit ferromagnetic order at room temperature, but MFM shows that...

In this paper, we study the e ect of a firm’s local channel exits on prices charged by incumbents remaining in the marketplace. Exits could result in higher prices due to tempered competition or lower prices due to reduced co-location or agglomeration benefits. The net e ect of these two countervailing forces remains unknown. In addition, little is known about how this e ect could change depend...

Agglomeration processes in non-interacting particle systems can be understood from a thermodynamic point of view. If the enthalpy of agglomeration is negligible, the distribution of agglomeration states adopts the state of highest entropy. Herein, we provide the exact analytical solution to the mole fractions of agglomerates comprising i monomers, xi =2-i .

Tax competition for a mobile factor is different in ‘new economic geography settings’ compared to standard tax competition models. The agglomeration rent which accrues to the mobile factor in the core region can be taxed. Moreover, a tax differential between the core and the periphery can be maintained. The present paper reexamines this issue in a setting which, in addition to the core-peripher...

Industrial agglomeration has gradually become an economic focus in recent years. Scholars has done a lot of research about the formation mechanism of industry agglomeration and its influencing factors, but the spatial correlation of variables has still been neglected. Firstly this paper gives a brief introduction about Geoda software and Matlab neural network toolbox, then use spatial statistic...

How do foreign trade and foreign direct investment affect regional inequality? Foreign trade and investment may affect internal economic geography, and the resulting industry agglomeration may contribute to regional inequality. This paper provides empirical evidence supporting this linkage. The results indicate that the increasing regional inequality in China has been accompanied by an increase...

This paper aims to correct standard measures of agglomeration economies to account for air pollution generated by commuting. This paper examines the impact of nitrogen oxide (NOX) a pollutant mainly released by transportation on worker productivity. Literature on agglomeration economies highlights the positive role of employment density on productivity, without accounting for the environmental ...

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tio 2 nanoparticles (nps) might be considered as the most important photosensitizer due to high photocatalytic and sonocatalytic efficiency, low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, low cost and high chemical stability. tio 2 -nps normally tend to aggregate in physiological medium and which results to decreased cell viability and inducing expression of stress-related genes. thus dispersion and...