Investigators have reported improved endurance performance and attenuated post-exercise muscle damage with carbohydrate-protein beverages (CHO+P) versus carbohydrate-only beverages (CHO). However, these benefits have been demonstrated only when CHO+P was administered in beverage-form, and exclusively in male subjects. Thus, the purposes of this study were to determine if an oral CHO+P gel impro...

background:class ii transactivator (ciita) is a dominanttranscriptional element, controlling numerous genes in theimmune system. ciita is expressed in a constitutive pattern inantigen presenting cells although its expression can occur inother cell types. since the revelation of ciita, there have beenconsiderable advances toward understanding its role as anactivator of mhc ii genes in humans and...

Saunders, M.J., N.D. Luden, and J.E. Herrick. Consumption of an oral carbohydrate-protein gel improves cycling endurance and prevents postexercise muscle damage. J. Strength Cond. Res. 21(3):678–684. 2007.—Investigators have reported improved endurance performance and attenuated postexercise muscle damage with carbohydrate-protein beverages (CHO P) versus carbohydrate-only beverages (CHO). Howe...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Abscesses caused by aerobic bacteria (aerobic abscesses) can simulate intracranial glioblastomas multiforme (GBMs) in MR imaging appearance and single voxel (SV) proton MR spectroscopy of the central cavity. The purpose of our study was to determine whether MR spectroscopic imaging (SI) can be used to differentiate aerobic abscesses from GBMs. Our hypothesis was that meta...

BACKGROUND Cholesterol oxidase (CHO) has various clinical and industrial applications. Recently, microbial CHO have received a great attention for their wide usage in medicine. Here, taxonomic characterizations of isolated strain from soil, optimization of the conditions for CHO production and biochemical characterizations of produced CHO enzyme were described. Finally, CHO gene was cloned into...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of introducing a fish protein hydrolysate (PEP) concurrently with carbohydrate (CHO) and whey protein (PRO) on endurance exercise metabolism and performance. METHODS In a randomised, double blind crossover design, 12 male volunteers completed an initial familiarisation followed by three experimental trials. The trials consisted ...

The aim of the study was to examine carbohydrate (CHO) utilization in subjects receiving CHO or CHO + medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) supplements during 180 minutes of exercise at 50% maximal aerobic work rate ([Wmax] 57% maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max]). In a double-blind crossover design, nine trained athletes cycled four times. Subjects received a bolus of 4 mL x kg(-1) at the start and...

results when the two ms groups were compared together, we found that cr was significantly increased (p value=0.008) and naa/cr was significantly decreased (p value=0.03) in non-enhancing lesions in ppms compared with rrms. there was no significant difference in naa, cho or naa/cho between the two ms subtypes. conclusion mrs is a potential way to differentiate ppms and rrms. objectives we compar...