Background Increasing urban bicycling has established net benefits for human and environmental health. Questions remain about which policies are needed and in what order, to achieve an increase in cycling while avoiding negative consequences. Novel ways of considering cycling policy are needed, bringing together expertise across policy, community and research to develop a shared understanding o...

BACKGROUND Cycling is important for health, transport, environmental and economic reasons. Newspaper reporting of cycling reflects and can influence public and policy maker attitudes towards resource allocation for cycling and cycling infrastructure, yet such coverage has not been systematically examined. METHODS The Factiva electronic news archive was searched for articles referring to cycli...

INTRODUCTION Cycling can be an enjoyable way to meet physical activity recommendations and is suitable for older people; however cycling participation by older Australians is low. This qualitative study explored motivators, enablers, and barriers to cycling among older people through an age-targeted cycling promotion program. METHODS Seventeen adults who aged 50-75 years participated in a 12-...

This study investigated cardiorespiratory responses and muscle oxygenation during prolonged electrical stimulation (ES)-evoked leg cycling in individuals with paraplegia (PARA). Four PARA and 6 able-bodied (AB) persons participated in this study. Subjects performed 10 min of passive cycling and 40 min of active cycling (PARA, ES cycling; AB, voluntary cycling) at workloads selected to elicit an...

this article considers the seismic behavior of beam-to-column joints in steel frames for different bolt arrangements by using of finite element modeling. as the most important beam-to-column joint type, the beam-to-column joints with end-plate is chosen for the analysis. four different specimens have been analyzed. these models had some differences such as bolt arrangement and the presence or a...

We study the deviations from perfect memory in negative temperature cycle spin glass experiments. It is known that the a.c. susceptibility after the temperature is raised back to its initial value is superimposed to the reference isothermal curve for large enough temperature jumps ∆T (perfect memory). For smaller ∆T , the deviation from this perfect memory has a striking non monotonous behavior...

Grain boundary networks should play a dominant role in determining the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline metals. However, these networks are difficult to characterize and their response to deformation is incompletely understood. In this work, we study the grain boundary network of nanocrystalline Ni and explore whether it can be modified by plastic deformation. Mechanical cycling at room...

Advancements in technology enable integration of multiple devices on a single core, resulting in increased on chip power and temperature densities. Higher temperatures, in turn, present a significant challenge for reliability. In this work we propose a comprehensive framework for analyzing reliability of multi-core systems, considering permanent faults. We show that aggressive power management ...

We report on the shape memory characteristics and magnetic behavior of polycrystalline and single crystalline FeNiCoTi. Predeforming the samples in the martensitic state and biasing of the martensite variants produced anisotropy in the magnetization behavior allowing the ‘easy axis’ to be identified as the ‘a-axis’ in the martensitic state. Based on these results, we provide an estimate of the ...