-Interaction of the pyrrolizine 3 with cyanogen bromide in a tetrahydrofuran/water mixture affords addition to the enamine double bond with formation of 5 which can be aromatized to 6 by silica gel. Reaction of 6 with cyanogen bromide in the same solvent mixture yields the indoline 8a which structure is proved in a chemic/d way by conversion of the product into the aldehyde 8(1. The different r...

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a psychotropic compound endogenous to the brain. Despite its potentially great physiological significance, its exact molecular mechanism of action is unknown. GHB is a weak agonist at GABA(B) receptors, but there is also evidence of specific GHB receptor sites, the molecular cloning of which remains a challenge. Ligands with high affinity and specificity for the r...

Several halogenated alkenes are nephrotoxic; some others induce renal tubular adenocarcinomas in rodents after lifelong administration. A bioactivation mechanism accounting for the organ-selective tumor induction has been elucidated: conjugation of the parent compounds with glutathione (GSH), catalyzed by hepatic GSH S-transferases, results in the formation of haloalkyl and halovinyl glutathion...

The palladium-catalysed Mizoroki–Heck reaction is the most efficient route for the vinylation of aryl/vinyl halides or triflates. This reaction, in which a C C bond is formed, proceeds in the presence of a base (Scheme 1.1) [1, 2]. Nonconjugated alkenes are formed in reactions involving cyclic alkenes (Scheme 1.2) [1e, 2a,c,e,g] or in intramolecular reactions (Scheme 1.3) [2b,d–g] with creation...

mechanistic pathways: a concerted rearrangement (path a) involving direct addition of the olefin on the epoxide or a stepwise mechanism (path b) through a Nazarov cyclization of an oxypentadienyl cation (2, X=O ). The regioselectivity of the cyclization is dictated by donation of the oxyanion into the resulting cation leading to the formation of a ketone. Recently, stabilization of developing p...

Polymers with their myriad functions are indispensable to any modern technology. Today, their production is largely based on fossil fuels. In view of their limited range, other sources are desirable on the long term. Beyond such considerations, renewable resources are also attractive as they can contain unique chemical structures. Thus, carbohydrates, fatty acids or terpenes contain a wealth of...

Coordination Complexes as Catalysts The first half of the book focuses on the use of coordination complexes as catalysts for a diverse range of organic reactions. Chapters on supported metal complexes and combinatorial catalysis are also included in this half of the book. Chapter 1, covering catalysts for polymerisation, is not an area where platinum group metal (pgm) complexes would be expecte...