BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Cyclosporins are produced by certain species of the filamentous fungi, belonging to the genus Tolypocladium. While there are numerous reports on the use of cyclosporins in clinical studies, reports on the various aspects of their production have been very limited. Therefore, this study was carried to optimize the medium composition for the production of cyclosporin A, pro...

Although macrolides have been associated with significant pharmacokinetic interactions, clarithromycin is considered to have a low interaction capacity. In this study, six transplant recipients treated with cyclosporin A also received clarithromycin. In all patients, the dose of cyclosporin A had to be reduced by a mean of 33% per day depending on the macrolide dose. Normalization of the dosage...

Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) complicating cyclosporin therapy has been recognized in bone marrow [1], liver [2], renal [3] and heart [4] transplant recipients, although it appears to be an uncommon complication. The optimal management of such cases is not clear. Cyclosporin dose reduction or withdrawal is necessary, with a resultant risk of graft rejection [3]. Recurrence of HUS may occur ...

This study has shown low dose cyclosporin A to be effective in the treatment of severe psoriasis. Conventional treatment had failed to control the disease in the 10 patients studied, and this suggests that cyclosporin is more effective than other drugs that are currently available. Indeed, nine of the 10 patients said that cyclosporin was the most efficacious and tolerable treatment that they h...

Cyclosporin synthetase, a multifunctional polypeptide, catalyses the biosynthesis of the set of natural cyclosporins. We report that this enzyme is also capable of introducing a beta-alanine into position 7 or 8 of the ring instead of the alpha-alanines present at these positions in cyclosporin A. This leads to 34-membered rings in contrast to the 33-membered ring of the cyclo-undecapeptide cyc...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Collagen type I elevation in cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth supports evidence that gingival fibroblasts play a decisive role in the manifestation of the phenotype. To analyze the role of gingival fibroblasts under more in vivo-like conditions, we evaluated the effect of cyclosporin A on collagen type I gene and protein expression in gingival overgrowth-derive...

Changes of the biliary canalicular membrane lipid content can affect membrane fluidity and biliary lipid secretion in rats. The immunosuppressant cyclosporin A is known to cause intrahepatic cholestasis. This study investigated whether cyclosporin A influenced canalicular membrane fluidity by altering membrane phospholipids or transporter expression. In male Sprague-Dawley rats, a bile-duct can...

INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to determine the clinical profile of patients with atopic dermatitis who were treated with cyclosporin, and to assess the treatment duration, dose and response to cyclosporin therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Casenotes of patients with atopic dermatitis treated with cyclosporin from January 2000 to February 2002 were analysed. RESULTS There were 15 pati...

Because cyclosporin A rapidly changes its distribution in blood with changes in temperature, sample preparation affects results for it as measured in plasma. If whole blood is stored at either 4 degrees C or room temperature, results for cyclosporin A in the plasma are lower than in whole blood stored at 37 degrees C and centrifuged at this temperature. Re-equilibration of the former to 37 degr...

AIMS To describe management and clinical outcomes of serpiginous choroidopathy treated primarily with cyclosporin at a tertiary uveitis referral centre METHODS A case series of 14 eyes of seven patients with serpiginous choroidopathy with follow up ranging from 1.3 to 13 years is described. All patients had fundus lesions consistent with serpiginous choroidopathy, were investigated for system...